Other reports in this collection
ADEME-European Commission, 1999: Energy Efficiency Indicators: The European
Experience.ADEME, Paris.
Ahn, D., 1999: Environmental Disputes in the GATT/WTO: Before and After
the US-Shrimp Case. Michigan Journal of International Law, 20, 819-870.
Austin, D., P. Faeth, R. Serôa da Motta, C.E.F. Young, C. Ferraz,
Z. Ji, L. Junfeng, M. Pathak, and L. Srivastava, 1998: Opportunities for financing
sustainable development via the CDM: A Discussion Draft. Tata Energy Research
Institute, Instituto de Pesquisa Economica Aplicada, Institute of Environmental
Economics at the Renmin University of China, and World Resources Institute,
Washington, DC.
Australia, Canada, Iceland, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Russian Federation,
and the United States of America, June 1998: Non-Paper on Principles, Modalities,
Rules, and Guidelines for an International Emissions Trading Regime. http://wwwmed.govt.nz/ers/environment/umbrellagroup/index.html
Barrett, S., 1994: Strategic environmental policy and international trade.
Journal of Public Economics, 54, 325-338.
Baron, R. 1996: Economic/fiscal instruments: Taxation (i.e. carbon/energy),
policies and measures for common action, Working Paper. Annex I Experts Group
on the UNFCCC, OECD WPAPER No.4.
Baron, R., 1999: An assessment of liability rules for international GHG
emissions trading, IEA Information Paper. International Energy Agency, Paris.
Baron, R., and J. Hou, 1998: Electricity trade, the Kyoto Protocol and
emissions trading, IEA Information Paper for the Fourth Conference of the Parties
to the UNFCCC. IEA, Paris.
Baron, R., and A. Lanza, 2000: Kyoto commitments: macro and micro insights
on trading and the clean development mechanism. Integrated Assessment, 1
(2), 137-144.
Baron, R., M. Bosi, A. Lanza, and J. Pershing, 1999: A Preliminary Analysis
of the EU Proposal on the Kyoto Mechanisms. International Energy Agency, Paris.
Barros, V., and M. Conte Grand, 1999: El significado de una meta dinámica
de reducción de emisiones de gases efecto invernadero: el caso Argentino
(documento de trabajo). Universidad del CEMA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Bashmakov, I., 1998: Strengthening the Russian economy through climate
change policies. Proceedings, Dealing with Carbon Credits After Kyoto, May 28-29,
Callantsoog, Netherlands.
Bashmakov, I., 2000: Energy Subsidies and “Right Prices”. Energy
Efficiency, 27, April-June 2000.
Bashmakov, I., and S. Sorokina, 1996: Refrigerator energy efficiency
standards in Eastern Europe. Center for Energy Efficiency (CENEf), Moscow.
Baumol, W.J., and W.E. Oates, 1988: The Theory of Environmental Policy,
Second Edition. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Begg, K., S.D. Parkinson, T. Jackson, P-E. Morthorst, and P. Bailey,
1999: Overall Issues for Accounting for the Emissions Reductions of JI Projects.
Proceedings of Workshop on Baselines for the CDM, Tokyo, February 25-26, 1999,
Global Industrial and Social Progress Research Institute (GISPRI).
Begg, K.G., S.D. Parkinson, Y. Mulugetta, and R. Wilkinson, 2000: An
initial evaluation of CDM type projects in DC’s. Final Report to DFID.
Benner, J., 2000: Development of an International Green Certificate Trading
System. Proceedings of the Fifth National Green Power Marketing Conference,
August 8, Denver, CO.
Berger, J.R., 1999: Unilateral Trade Measures to Conserve the World’s
Living Resources: An Environmental Breakthrough for the GATT in the WTO Sea
Turtle Case. Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 24, 355-411.
Bernstein, J., 1993: Alternative approaches to pollution control and
waste management regulatory and economic instruments. Urban Management Program
UNDP/UNCHS, World Bank, Washington DC.
Bernstein, P.M., W. Montgomery, T. Rutherford, and G. Yang, 1999: Effects
of restrictions on international permit trading: The MS-MRT model. The Energy
Journal, Special Issue, The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation,
May, 221-256.
Biglaiser, G., and J.K. Horowitz, 1995: Pollution regulation and incentives
for pollution-control research. Journal of Economic Management Strategy, 3,
663-684.
Biglaiser, G., J.K. Horowitz, and J.Quiggin, 1995: Dynamic pollution
regulation. Journal of Regulatory Economics, 8, 33-44.
Black, D., M. Grubb, and C Windham, 2000: International Trade and Climate
Change Policies. The Royal Institute of International Affairs, London.
Bluffstone, R., and B.A. Larson, 1997: Controlling Pollution in Transition
Economies. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK.
Bohm, P., 1994: On the feasibility of Joint Implementation of carbon
emissions reductions, Climate Change: Policy Instruments and their Implications.
Proceedings of the Tsukuba Workshop of IPCC Working Group III, A. Amano (ed.),
Center for Global Environmental Research, Environment Agency of Japan, Tsukuba,
Japan.
Bohm, P., 1997: Joint Implementation as Emission Quota Trade: An Experiment
Among Four Nordic Countries. Nord, 4, Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen.
Reprinted (with the exception of Appendix 3) in Pollution for Sale. S. Sorrell,
J. Skea (eds.), Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, 1999.
Bohm, P., 1998: Public investment issues and efficient climate change
policy, part 1. In The Welfare State, Public Investment, and Growth. H. Shibata
and T. Ihori, (eds.), Springer Verlag, Tokyo.
Bohm, P., 1999: International GHG emission trading with special reference
to the Kyoto Protocol, TemaNord:506. Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen.
Bohm, P., and B. Larsen, 1994: Fairness in a tradable-permit treaty for
carbon emissions reductions in Europe and the former Soviet Union. Environmental
and Resource Economics, 4, 219-239.
Bohm, P., and B. Carlén, 2000: Cost-effective approaches to attracting
low-income countries to international emissions trading: Theory and experiment.
In Studies in Climate Change Policy: Theory and Experiments, PhD thesis B. Carlén,
Department of Economics, Stockholm University, Stockholm.
Böhringer, C., and T.F. Rutherford, 1997: Carbon taxes with exemptions
in an open economy: A general equilibrium analysis of the German Tax Initiative.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 32(2), 189-203.
Bollen, J., A. Gielen, and H. Timmer, 1999: Clubs, ceilings and CDM:
Macroeconomics of compliance with the Kyoto Protocol, The Energy Journal, Special
Issue, The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 177-206.
Boom, J.T., 1998: Market performance and environmental policy: Four tradable
permits scenarios, SOE. Foundation for Economic Research of the University of
Amsterdam.
Bovenberg, L., and L. Goulder, 1999: Neutralizing the adverse industry
impacts of CO2 abatement policies: What does it cost? Paper prepared
for the FEEM-NBER Conference on Behavioural and Distributional Effects of Environmental
Policy, June, Milan, Italy.
Boyle, S., 1996: DSM Progress and lessons in the Global Context. Energy
Policy, 24(4), 345-360.
Brown, M.A., M.D. Levine, J.P. Romm, A.H. Rosenfeld, and J.G. Koomey,
1998: Engineering-Economic Studies of Energy Technologies to Reduce Greenhouse
Gas Emissions: Opportunities and Challenges. Annual Review Energy Environment,
23, 287-385.
Buchanan, J.M., and G. Tullock, 1975: Polluters, profits and political
response: Direct controls vs. taxes. American Economic Review, 65(1),
139-147.
California Assembly Bill No. 1890, 1996: Chapter 854 signed September
23 1996.
Carlén, 1999: Large-country effects in international emissions
trading: A laboratory test. Working Paper #15, Department of Economics, Stockholm
University, Stockholm.
Carraro, C., and D. Siniscalco, (eds.), 1993: The European carbon tax:
An economic assessment, Fondazione ENI, Enrico Mattei Series on Economics. Energy
and Environment.
CCAP (Center for Clean Air Policy), 1998: US carbon emissions trading:
Description of an upstream approach. [online: http://www.ccap.org].
CEC, 1996: Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European
Parliament on Environmental Agreements, COM(96) 561 Final, 1996.
Chadwick, M., K. Begg, G. Haq, and T. Jackson, 2000: Environmental and
Social aspects of JI -methodologies and case study results, Chapter 6. Flexibility
in Climate Policy: Making the Kyoto Mechanisms Work. T. Jackson, K. Begg, S.D.
Parkinson, (eds.), Earthscan, UK.
Chandler, W., 2000: Energy and the environment in the transition economies:
between cold war and global warming. Westview Press, USA.
Chomitz, K., 1998: Baselines for GHG reductions: Problems, precedents,
solutions. World Bank, Washington, DC.
Cole, D., and P.Z. Grossman, 1998: When is command-and-control efficient?
Institutions, technology and the comparative efficiency of alternative regulatory
regimes for environmental protection. Working Paper Series, Indiana University
and Butler University, USA.
Conrad, K., 1996: Choosing emission taxes under international price competition.
In Environmental Policy and Market Structure. C. Carraro, Y. Katsoulacos, and
A. Xepapadeas, (eds.), 85-98.
Cooper, A., S. Livermore, V. Rossi, A. Wilson, and J. Walker, 1999: The
economic implications of reducing carbon emissions: A cross-country quantitative
investigation using the Oxford Global Macroeconomic and Energy Model. The Energy
Journal, Special Issue, The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation,
May, 335-366.
Cooper, R., 1998: Toward a real global warming treaty. Foreign Affairs,
77(2), 66-79.
Corfee Morlot, J., 1998: Ensuring Compliance with a Global Climate Change
Agreement. OECD Information Paper, Paris.
Cramton, P., and S. Kerr, 1998: Tradable carbon permit auctions –
how and why to auction not grandfather. University of Maryland/Resources for
the Future, Washington, DC.
Crawford-Smith, C., 1999: The Market for Green Power in Australia - Future
Role and Implications. World Renewable Energy Congress, Murdoch University,
Perth, WA.
Criqui, P., S. Mima, and L. Viguier, 1999: Marginal Abatement Costs of
CO2 Emissions Reductions, Geographic Flexibility and Concrete Ceilings. An Assessment
Using the POLES Model. Energy Policy, 27, 585-601.
Demaret, P., and R. Stewardson, 1994: Border Tax Adjustments under the
GATT and EC Law and General Implications for Environmental Taxes. Journal of
World Trade, 28(4), 5-65.
Dijkstra, B.R., 1998: The Political Economy of Instrument Choice in Environmental
Policy. Groningen University, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Dixon, R.K., 1999: The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change Activities Implemented Jointly Pilot: Experiences and Lessons Learned.
Kluwer, Dordrecht.
Downing, P.B., and L.J. White, 1986: Innovation in pollution control.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 13, 18-29.
Dutschke, M., and A. Michaelowa, 1998: Issues and open questions of greenhouse
gas emission trading under the Kyoto Protocol. Discussion paper 68, HWWA, Hamburg
Institute for International Economics, Hamburg.
Eaton, J., and G.M. Grossman, 1986: Optimal trade and industrial policy
under oligopoly. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 100, 383-406.
Ebert, U., 1996: Naïve use of environmental instruments. In Environmental
Policy and Market Structure, C. Carraro, Y. Katsoulacos, and A. Xepapadeas,
(eds.), pp. 45-64.
ECMT, 1998: Efficient Transport for Europe. OECD Publications, Paris.
Edmonds, J., M. Wise, and D.W. Barns, 1995: Carbon coalitions: The cost
and effectiveness of energy agreements to alter trajectories of atmospheric
carbon dioxide emissions. Energy Policy, 23(4/5), 309-335.
EEA, 1997: Environmental Agreements - Environmental Effectiveness. European
Environment Agency, Copenhagen.
EIA, 1998: Emissions of GHGs in the United States 1997. Energy Information
Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, DOE/EIA-0573(97), Washington, DC.
EIA, 1999: Annual Energy Outlook 2000. Energy Information Administration,
U.S. Department of Energy, December 1999, Washington, DC.
Eichhammer, W., and Jochem, E., 1998: Voluntary Agreements for the reduction
of CO2 GHG emissions in Germany and their recent first evaluation.
Paper prepared for CAVA Workshop, Gent, Belgium.
Elbers, C., and C. Withagen, 1999: General equilibrium models of environmental
regulation and international trade. Center for Economic Research, paper no.
9924, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Ellerman, A.D.,and A. Decaux, 1998: Analysis of post-Kyoto CO2
emissions trading using marginal abatement curves. Report 40, Joint Program
on the Science and Policy of Global Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Cambridge, MA.
Ellerman, A.D., and I.S. Wing, 2000: Supplementarity: An Invitation to
Monopsony? MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Climate Change. Report
No. 59 (April, 2000).
Ellis, J., 1999: Experience with emission baselines under the AIJ pilot
phase. OECD Information Paper, Paris.
Esty, D.C., 1994: Greening the GATT: trade, environment and the future.
Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC.
Eto, J., R. Prahl, and J. Schlegel, 1996: A Scoping Study on Energy Efficiency
Market Transformation by California Utility DSM Programs, LBNL-39058. Energy
and Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley CA.
Eyre, N.J., 1998: A Golden Age or a False Dawn? Energy Efficiency in
UK Competitive Energy Markets. Energy Policy, 26 (12), 963-972.
Fenden, P., 1998: Norwegian Industry’s Network for Energy Conservation.Industrial
Energy Efficiency Policies: Understanding Success and Failure. Workshop organized
by International Network for Energy Demand Analysis in the Industrial Sector,
June 1998, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Fischer, C., I.W.H. Parry, and W. Pizer, 1998: Instrument choice for
environmental protection when technological innovation is endogenous. Resources
for the Future Discussion Paper 99-04 (revised), Washington, DC.
Fisher-Vanden, K., 1999: Structural change and technological diffusion
in transition economies: Implications for energy use and carbon emissions in
China. Unpublished PhD thesis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
Fowlie, M., 1999: The Environment and Competition in Electricity in the
USA and the UK. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, Oxford, UK.
Freeman, A.M., III, and R.H. Haveman, 1972: Clean rhetoric and dirty
water. Public Interest, 28, 51-65.
Garbaccio, R., M. Ho, and D.W. Jorgenson, 1999: Why has the energy-output
ratio fallen in China? Energy Journal.
Glasbergen, P., M.C. Das, P.P.J. Driessen, N. Habermehl, W.J.V. Vermeulen,
K. Blok, J. Farla, and E. Korevaar., 1997: Afspraken werken. Evaluatie Meerjarenafspraken
over Energie-efficiency. Ministry of Economic Affairs, Directorate-General for
Energy, The Hague, 197 pp.
Goldberg, D., S. Porter, N. LaCasta, and E. Hillman, 1998: Responsibility
for non-compliance under the Kyoto Protocol’s mechanisms for cooperative
implementation. Center for International Environmental Law and Euronatura, Washington,
DC.
Goldemberg, J., 1998: Issues & options: The Clean Development Mechanism.
United Nations Development Program, New York, NY.
Golove, W., and J. Eto 1995: Market Barriers to Energy Efficiency: A
Critical Reappraisal of Public Policies to Promote Energy Efficiency, LBNL-38059.
Energy and Environment Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Berkeley, CA.
Goodin, R.E., 1994: Selling Environmental Indulgences. Kyklos, 47(4),
573-596.
Grubb, M., T. Chapuis, and M.H. Duong, 1995: The economics of changing
course: Implications of adaptability and inertia for optimal climate policy.
Energy Policy, 23(4/5), 417-432.
Grubb, M., T. Tietenberg, B. Swift, A. Michaelowa, Z. Zhang, and F.T.
Joshua, 1998: GHG Emissions Trading: Defining the Principles, Modalities, Rules
and Guidelines for Verification, Reporting & Accountability. United Nations
Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva.
Haddad, B.M., and P. Jefferis, 1999: Forging consensus on National Renewables
Policy: The Renewables Portfolio Standard and the National Public Benefit Trust
Fund. Electricity Journal, 12(2), 68-80.
Hadley, S., and E. Hirst, 1995: Utility DSM Programs from 1989 through
1998: Continuation or Cross Roads? ORNL/CON-405. Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Oak Ridge, TN.
Hahn, R.W., 1987: Jobs and environmental quality: Some implications for
instrument choice. Policy Sciences, 20, 289-306.
Hahn, R.W., 1989: Economic Prescriptions for Environmental Problems:
How the Patient Followed the Doctor’s Orders. Journal of Economic Perspectives,
3(2), 95-114.
Hahn, R.W., and R.N. Stavins, 1991: Incentive-based environmental regulation:
A new era from an old idea? Ecology Law Quarterly, 18(1), 1-42.
Hahn, R.W., and R.N. Stavins, 1999: What has Kyoto wrought? The real
architecture of international tradable permit markets, working paper. Cambridge,
MA.
Haites, E., 1998: International emissions trading and compliance with
GHG limitation commitments. Working Paper W70, International Academy of the
Environment.
Haites, E., and A. Proestos, 2000: Suitability of non-energy GHGs for
emissions trading. In Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases: Scientific Understanding,
Control and Implementation. J. van Ham, A.P.M. Baede, L.A. Meyer, R. Ybema,
(eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 417-424.
Haites, E., and F. Yamin, 2000: The Clean Development Mechanism: Proposals
for its operation and governance. Global Environmental Change, 10(1),
27-45.
Han, K., and J.B. Braden, 1996: Environment and trade: New evidence from
US manufacturing. Unpublished research paper, Department of Economics, University
of Illinois, and Department of Agriculture and Consumer Economic, University
of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL.
Hargrave, T., N. Helme, and I. Puhl, 1998: Options for simplifying baseline
setting for Joint Implementation and Clean Development Mechanism projects. Center
for Clean Air Policy (CCAP), Washington, DC.
Harrison, D., and T. Schatzki, 2000: Certifying baselines for credit-based
greenhouse gas trading programs: Lessons from experience with environmental
and non-environmental programs. EPRI, Palo Alto, CA.
Hassett, K.A., and G.E. Metcalf, 1995: Energy tax credits and residential
conservation investment: Evidence from panel data. Journal of Public Economics,
57, 201-217.
Hassing, P., and M. S. Mendis, 1999: An international market framework
for CDM transactions. Paper presented at the UNFCCC technical workshop, Bonn,
Germany.
Hauch, J., 1999: Elephant – A Simulation Model for Environmental
Regulation at Nordic Energy Markets. Ph.D. thesis, Danish Economic Council,
Copenhagen.
Hoel, M., 1993: Harmonization of carbon taxes in international climate
agreements. Environmental and Resource Economics, 3(3), 221-232.
Hoel, M., 1996: Should a carbon tax be differentiated across sectors?
Journal of Public Economics, 59(1), 17-32.
Hoel, M., 1997: Coordination of environmental policy for transboundary
environmental problems. Journal of Public Economics, 66, 199-224.
Hoel, M., 1998: Emission taxes versus other environmental policies. Scandinavian
Journal of Economics, 100(1), 79-104.
Hoel, M., and L. Karp, 1998: Taxes versus quotas for a stock pollutant.
Working Paper No. 885. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics and
Policy (CUDARE). University of Berkeley, California.
Holt, E., 2000a: Green Power in Competitive Markets, 1999. Electric Power
Research Institute, TR-114210, Palo Alto, CA.
Holt, E., 2000b: Green Pricing Update, 1999. Electric Power Research
Institute, TR-114211, Palo Alto, CA.
Holt, E., and R. Wiser, 1998: Understanding Consumer Demand for Green
Power. National Wind Coordinating Committee.
Honma, S., 1978: Document 0.25: Was the Muskie standards successful?
(in Japanese).
Howarth, R.B., and M. Winslow 1994: Energy Use and Climate Stabilization:
Integrating Pricing and Regulatory Policies. Energy: The International Journal.
Huber, R.M., J. Ruitenbeek, and R. Serôa da Motta, 1999: Market-Based
Instruments for Environmental Policymaking in Latin America and the Caribbean:
Lessons from Eleven Countries. World Bank Discussion Paper No. 381, World Bank,
Washington, DC.
Hunt, S., and G. Shuttleworth, 1996: Competition and Choice in Electricity.
John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
IEA (International Energy Agency), 1997a: The directive on the EU electricity
market. IEA, Paris.
IEA, 1997b: Energy Efficiency Initiative, Vol. 1. IEA, Paris.
IEA, 1998a: Energy Policies in IEA Countries. OECD Publications, Paris.
IEA, 1998b: World Energy Outlook. IEA, Paris.
IEA, 1999a: Electricity Market Reform: An IEA Handbook. IEA, Paris.
IEA, 1999b: Looking at Energy Subsidies: Getting the Prices Right. World
Energy Outlook, 1999 Insights, IEA, Paris.
IPCC, 1996: Climate Change 1995: Economic and Social Dimensions of Climate
Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
IPCC, 2000: Special Report on Methodological and Technological Issues
in Technology Transfer (SRTT). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
IPSEP, 1995: Cutting Carbon Emissions: Burden or Benefit? A Summary.
In Energy Policy in the Greenhouse, Volume II, International Project for Sustainable
Energy Paths, El Cerrito, CA.
Iwahashi, T., 1998: Basic Design of a Domestic System of Greenhouse Gas
Emissions Trading. Osaka Law Review, 48(3), 857-890.
Jackson, J.H., 2000: Comments on Shrimp/Turtle and the Product/Process
Distinction, European Journal International Law, 11(2).
Jacoby, H., and I.S. Wing, 1999: Adjustment time, capital malleability
and policy cost. The Energy Journal, Special Issue, The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol:
A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 73-92.
Jaffe, A.B., and R.N. Stavins, 1995: Dynamic incentives of environmental
regulations: The effects of alternative policy instruments on technological
diffusion. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 29, S43-S63.
Japan Energy Conservation Center, 1997: Energy Conservation Handbook,
Japan.
Jepma, C.J., 1999: Determining a baseline for project co-operation under
the Kyoto Protocol: a general overview. Paper presented at the GISPRI baseline
workshop, 25-26 February, Tokyo, Japan.
Jepma, C.J., and W. van der Gaast, (eds.), 1999: On the Compatibility
of Flexibility Instrument. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Jepma, C.J., W. van der Gaast, and E. Woerdman, 1998: The compatibility
of flexible instruments under the Kyoto Protocol. Dutch National Research Program
on Transboundary Global Air Pollution and Climate Change, Paterswolde, Netherlands.
JIQ, 1998: AIJ Pilot Phase: A Mile Wide but only an Inch Deep. Joint
Implementation Quarterly, 4(3).
Joskow, P.L., and R. Schmalensee, 1988: The political economy of market-based
environmental policy: The U.S. acid rain program. Journal of Law and Economics,
41, 37-83.
Jung, C., K. Krutilla, and R. Boyd, 1996: Incentives for advanced pollution
abatement technology at the industry level: An evaluation of policy alternatives.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 30, 95-111.
Kainuma, M., Y. Matsuoka, and T. Morita, 1999: Analysis of post-Kyoto
scenarios: The Asian-Pacific integrated model. The Energy Journal, Special Issue,
The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 207-220.
Kambara, T., 1992: The energy situation in China. China Quarterly, September,
608-636.
Katsoulacos, Y., and A. Xepapadeas, 1996: Environmental innovation, spillovers
and optimal policy rules. In Environmental Policy and Market Structure, C. Carraro,
Y. Katsoulacos, and A. Xepapadeas, (eds.), pp. 143-150.
Kelman, S., 1981: Cost-Benefit Analysis: An Ethical Critique. Regulation,
5(1).
Kemp, R., and L. Soete, 1990: Inside the “green box:” on the
economics of technological change and the environment. New Explorations in the
Economics of Technological Change, C. Freeman, and L. Soete, (eds.), Pinter,
London.
Kennedy, P.W., 1994: Equilibrium pollution taxes in open economies with
imperfect competition. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 27,
49-63.
Keohane, N.O., 1998: The political economy of environmental policy in
Venezuela. Report to the World Bank (Photocopy).
Keohane, N.O., R.L. Revesz, and R.N. Stavins, 1999: The positive political
economy of instrument choice in environmental policy. In Environmental and Public
Economics: Essays in Honor of Wallace E. Oates, A. Panagariya, P.R. Portney,
and R.M. Schwab, (eds.), Cheltenham, UK, pp. 89-125.
Kerr, S., 1998: Enforcing Compliance: The Allocation of Liability in
International GHG Emissions Trading and the Clean Development Mechanism. Resources
for the Future Climate Issue Brief, No 15, October 1998, p4.
Kerr, S., and D. Maré, 1997: Efficient Regulation Through Tradable
Permit Markets: The United States Lead Phasedown. Working Paper 96-06, Department
of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Maryland, MD.
Kete, N., 1992: The U.S. acid rain control allowance trading system.
In Climate Change: Designing a Tradable Permit System, T. Jones, J. Corfee-Morlot
(eds.), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, pp. 69-93.
Kneese, A.V., and C.L. Schulze, 1975: Pollution, Prices, and Public Policy.
Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.
Kohn, R.E., 1992: When subsidies for pollution abatement increase total
emissions. Southern Economic Journal, 59, 77-87.
Kolstad, C.D., 2000: Environmental Economics. Oxford University Press,
New York, USA and Oxford, UK.
Kooiman, J., 1998: Topics in the economics of environmental regulation.
Thesis, Tinbergen Institute Research Series, no.182, 141-159, Amsterdam.
Kopp, R., R. Morgenstern, and W. Pizer, 1999a: Something for everyone:
A climate policy that both environmentalists and industry can live with. Resources
for the Future, Washington, DC.
Kopp, R., R. Morgenstern, W. Pizer, and M. Toman, 1999b: A proposal for
credible early action in U.S. climate policy. Weathervane. Resources for the
Future, Washington, DC. [online: http://www.weathervane.rff.org].
Krause, F., 1996: The policy effectiveness of mandatory energy efficiency
standards and voluntary agreements: an illustrative case study. In Proceedings
of the U.S. Climate Change Analysis Workshop, June 6-7, Springfield, VA., US
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
Krause, F., E. Haites, R. Howarth, and F. J. Koomey, 1993: Cutting Carbon
Emissions: Burden or Benefit? In Energy Policy in the Greenhouse, Vol. 2, Part
1. International Project for Sustainable Energy Paths, El Cerrito, CA.
Krause, F., J. Koomey, and D. Olivier, 1998: Low Carbon Comfort: The
Cost and Potential of Energy Efficiency in EU Buildings, Energy Policy in the
Greenhouse series, Vol. 2, Part 5. International Project for Sustainable Energy
Paths, El Cerrito, CA.
Kurosawa, A., H. Yagita, Z. Weisheng, K. Tokimatsu, and Y. Yanagisawa,
1999: Analysis of carbon emission stabilization targets and adaptation by integrated
assessment model. The Energy Journal, Special Issue, The Costs of the Kyoto
Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 157-176.
Laffont, J.J., and J. Tirole, 1996: Pollution Permits and Environmental
Innovation? Journal of Public Economics, 62, 127-140.
Lebo, B., and A. Szabo, 1996: Preparing minimum energy efficiency standards
for European appliances. Proceedings of International Energy Conference on Use
of Efficiency Standards in Energy Policy, Sophia-Antipolis, France, June, IEA/OECD.
Lee, H., and N. Darani, 1995: Electricity Restructuring and the Environment.
CSIA Discussion Paper 95-13, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University,
Cambridge, MA.
Legro, S., I. Gritsevich, V. Berdin et al., 1999: Climate Change Policy
and Programs in Russia: An Institutional Assessmen..Advanced International Study
Unit, PNNL, Washington, DC.
Lile, R., M. Powell, and M. Toman, 1999: Implementing the Clean Development
Mechanism: Lessons from U.S. private-sector participation. In Activities Implemented
Jointly, Discussion Paper 99-08, Resources for the Future, Washington, DC.
Lora, 1997: A Decade of Structural Reforms in Latin America: What Has
Been Reformed and How to Measure It. Document presented at the Annual Meetings
of the Inter-American Development Bank, Barcelona.
Lovins, A.B., 1996: Negawatts. Twelve transitions, eight improvements
and one distraction. Energy Policy, 24(4), 331-344.
Magat, W.A., 1978: Pollution control and technological advance: A dynamic
model of the firm. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 5,
1-25.
Magat, W.A., 1979: The effects of environmental regulation on innovation.
Law and Contemporary Problems, 43, 3-25.
Maloney, M.T., and R.E. McCormick, 1982: A positive theory of environmental
quality regulation. Journal of Law and Economics 25(4), 99-123.
Malueg, D.A., 1989: Emission credit trading and the incentive to adopt
new pollution abatement technology, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,
16, 52-57.
Manne, A.S., and R. Richels, 1999: The Kyoto Protocol: A cost-effective
strategy for meeting environmental objectives? The Energy Journal, Special Issue,
The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 1-24.
Matsuo, N., 1998: How Is the CDM Compatible with Sustainable Development?
The Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan.
Matsuo, N., 1999: Points and Proposals for the Emissions Trading Regime
of Climate Change – For Designing Future System, September.
Markard, J., 1998: Green Pricing – Welchen Beitrag können freiwillige
Zahlungen von Stromkunden zur Förderung regenerativer Energien leisten?
Öko-Institute-Verlag, Freiburg.
McCubbins, M.D., and T. Sullivan, 1984: Constituency influences on legislative
policy choice. Quality and Quantity, 18, 299-319.
McKibbin, W.J., and P.J. Wilcoxen, 1997a: Salvaging the Kyoto Climate
Change Negotiations. Brookings Policy Brief no. 27, November 1997, The Brookings
Institution, Washington, DC.
McKibbin, W.J., and P.J. Wilcoxen, 1997b: A Better Way to Slow Global
Climate Change. Brookings Policy Brief no. 17, June 1997, The Brookings Institution,
Washington, DC.
McKibbin, W.J., and P.J. Wilcoxen, 2000: The Next Step for Climate Change
Policy. Brookings Background Paper #1 (January), Washington, DC.
McKibbin, W., M. Ross, R. Shackleton, and P. Wilcoxen, 1999: Emissions
Trading, Capital Flows and the Kyoto Protocol. The Energy Journal, Special Issue,
The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 287-334.
McMahon, J., 1992: Quantifying the benefits and costs of US Appliance
energy performance standards. Proceedings of International Energy Conference
on Use of Efficiency Standards in Energy Policy, Sophia-Antipilis. France, 4-5
June 1992, IEA/OECD.
Mestelman, S., 1982: Production externalities and corrective subsidies:
A general equilibrium analysis. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,
9, 186-193.
Michaelowa, A., 2000: Klimapolitik in Großbritannien – Zufall
oder gezieltes Handeln? Zeitschrift für Umweltpolitik und Umweltrecht.
Michaelowa, A., and M. Dutschke, 1998: Interest groups and efficient
design of the Clean Development Mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol. International
Journal for Sustainable Development, 1(1), 24-42.
Michaelowa, A., and M. Dutschke, 1999a: Economic and Political Aspects
of Baselines in the CDM Context. In Promoting development while limiting greenhouse
gas emissions: trends and baselines. J. Goldemberg, and W. Reid (eds.), New
York, NY, pp. 115-134.
Michaelowa, A., and M. Dutschke, 1999b: Creation and sharing of credits
through the Clean Development Mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol.. In On the
compatibility of flexible instruments. C. Jepma, and W. van der Gaast (eds.),
Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 47-64..
Milliman, S.R., and R. Prince, 1989: Firm incentives to promote technological
change in pollution control. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,
17, 247-265.
Ministry of Economic Affairs, 1997: Long term agreements on energy efficiency
progress in 1995, Den Haag, Netherlands.
Mitchell, C., 1995a: Renewables NFFO. Energy Policy, 23(12).
Mitchell, C., 1995b: Renewable Energy in the UK: Financing Options for
the Future. Council for the Protection of Rural England.
Mitchell, C., 1997: Renewable Non-Fossil Fuel Obligation - The Diffusion
of Technology by Regulation. TIP Workshop on Regulation and Innovative Activities,
Vienna, February 1997.
Montero, J.P., 1999: Voluntary Compliance with Market-Based Environmental
Policy: Evidence from the U.S. Acid Rain Program. Journal of Political Economy,
107(5), 998-1033.
Montero, J.P., 2000a: Optimal design of a phase-in emissions trading
program. Journal of Public Economics, 75, 273-291.
Montero, J.P. 2000b: Prices versus quantities with incomplete enforcement.
Journal of Public Economics,
Montero, J.P., 2000c: Market structure and environmental innovation.
Working Paper, Catholic University of Chile (January 21), place.
Montero, J.P., L. Cifuentes, and F. Soto, 2000: Participación
voluntaria en políticas internacionales de cambio climático: Implicancias
para Chile. Estudios de Economía.
Morrisette, P., and A. Plantinga, 1991: The Global Warming Issue: Viewpoints
of Different Countries. Resources, 103, 2-6.
Moscow City Government, 1999: Energy Conservation in Buildings, Requirement
for Thermal Performance and Heat-Water-Power Supply, Moscow.
Mowery, D., and N. Rosenberg, 1989: Technology and the Pursuit of Economic
Growth. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Murase, S., 1995: Perspectives from International Economic Law on Transnational
Environmental Issues. Recueil des Cours de L’Academie de Droit International
de la Haye, 253, 283-431.
Murase, S., 1996: Unilateral Measures and the WTO Dispute Settlement.
In Asian Dragon and Green Trade: Environment, Economics and International Law.
S.S.C. Tay, and D.C. Esty (eds.), Times Academic Press, London, pp. 137-144.
Nadel, S., and Geller, H., 1996: Utility DSM. What have we learned? Where
are we going? Energy Policy, 24(4), 289-302.
NEDO, 2000: A Report on Baseline Study Group. Secretariat. New Energy
and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) and Mitsubishi Research
Institute, Tokyo.
Nelson, R.A., T. Tietenberg, and M.R. Donihue, 1993: Differential Environmental
Regulation: Effects On Electric Utility Capital Turnover and Emissions. Review
of Economics and Statistics, 75 (2), 368-373.
Newell, R., and W. Pizer, 1998: Regulating Stock Externalities under
Uncertainty. Resources for the Future Discussion Paper 99-10.
Newell, R.G., A.B. Jaffe, and R.N. Stavins, 1999: The induced innovation
hypothesis and energy-saving technological change. Quarterly Journal of Economics
114(3), 941-975.
Nordhaus, W.D., and J.G. Boyer, 1999: Requiem for Kyoto: An Economic
Analysis of the Kyoto Protocol. The Energy Journal, Special Issue, The Costs
of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 93-133.
Novem, 1998: Green Financing. The Netherlands Agency for Energy and Environment,
January 28. [online: http://www.novem.org/netherl/green.html].
NRTEE, 1999: Canada’s Options for a Domestic GHG Emissions Trading
Program. National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy, Ottawa, 1999.
Oates, W., and R.M. Schawb, 1988: Economic competition among jurisdictions:
Efficiency enhancing or distortion inducing? Journal of Public Economics, 35,
333-354.
OECD, 1978: Environmental Policies in Japan. OECD, Paris.
OECD, 1996a: Implementation Strategies for Environmental Taxes. OECD,
Paris.
OECD, 1996b: Integrating Environment and Economy: progress in the 1990s.
OECD, Paris.
OECD, 1997a: Environmental Taxes and Green Tax Reform. OECD, Paris.
OECD, 1997b: Voluntary Agreements with Industry, Annex I Expert Group
on the UNFCCC. Working Paper No.8, OCDE/GD997) 75, Paris [online: http://www.oecd.org/env/cc/freedocs.htm].
OECD, 1997c: Reforming Energy and Transport Subsidies: Energy and Environmental
Implications. OECD, Paris.
OECD, 1997d: Economic/fiscal instruments: Competitiveness issues related
to carbon/energy taxation, Annex I Expert Group on the UNFCCC. Working Paper
No.14, OCDE/GD(97)190, OECD, Paris.
OECD, 1998a: Improving the Environment through Reducing Subsidies, Part
I: Summary and Policy Conclusions, and Part II: Analysis and Overview of Studies.
OECD, Paris.
OECD, 1998b: Voluntary Approaches for Environmental Policy in OECD Countries,
21 October, ENV/EPOC (98)6/REV1, OECD, Paris.
OECD, 1999: Implementing Domestic Tradable Permits for Environmental
Protection, OECD, Paris.
OECD/IEA, 1997: Energy Efficiency Initiative. Country Profiles &
Case Studies with 47 case studies of successful energy efficiency improvement
project and policies implementation to learn from 480. OECD, Paris.
Owen, G., 1996: A Market in Efficiency: Providing Energy Savings through
Competition. IPPR.
Oye, K.A., and J.H. Maxwell, 1995: Self-interest and environmental management.
In Local Commons and Global Interdependence: Heterogeneity and Cooperation in
Two Domains. R.O. Keohane, and E. Ostrom, (eds.), Sage Publications, London,
pp. 191-221.
Palmer, K., and Burtraw, D., 1997: Electricity restructuring and regional
air pollution. Resource and Energy Economics, 19, 139-174.
Panayotou, T., 1998: Instruments of Change: Motivating and Financing
Sustainable Development. Earthscan Publications and United Nations Environment
Program, London.
Parfomak, P., and L. Lave, 1997: How Many Kilowatts are in a Negawatt?.
Verifying Ex Post Estimates of Utility Conservation Impacts at the Regional
Level. The Energy Journal, 17(4).
Parkinson, S., K. Begg, P. Bailey, and T. Jackson. 1999: JI/CDM crediting
under the Kyoto Protocol: does “interim period banking” help or hinder
emissions reduction? Energy Policy, 27, 129-136.
Parkinson, S.D., P. Bailey, K. Begg, and T. Jackson, 2000: Accounting
for Emissions Reduction and Costs - methodology and case study results, Chapter
7. Flexibility in Climate Policy: Making the Kyoto Mechanisms Work. T. Jackson,
K. Begg, and S.D. Parkinson, (eds.), Earthscan, UK.
Parry, I.W.H., 1998: Pollution regulation and the efficiency gains from
technological innovation. Journal of Regulatory Economics, 14, 229-254.
Parry, I.W.H., R. Williams, and L.H. Goulder, 1999: When Can Carbon Abatement
Policies Increase Welfare? – The fundamental role of distorted factor markets.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, January.
Patterson, W., 1999: Transforming Electricity. The Royal Institute of
International Affairs/Earthscan, UK.
Perkins, N. 1999: Introductory Note, World Trade Organization: US-Import
Prohibition of Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products. International Legal Materials,
38, 118-120.
Pezzey, J., 1992: The Symmetry Between Controlling Pollution by Price
and by Quantity. Canadian Journal of Economics, 25, 983-991.
Phylipsen, G., K. Blok, and E. Worrel, 1998: Handbook on International
Comparisons of Energy Efficiency in the Manufacturing Industry. Utrecht, the
Netherlands.
Pizer, W.A., 1997a: Optimal choice of policy instrument and stringency
under uncertainty: the case of climate change. Resources for the future, report.
Pizer, W.A., 1997b: Prices vs quantities revisited: The case of climate
change. Resources for the Future Discussion Paper 98-102.
Pohjola, J., 1999: Economy wide Effects of Reducing CO2 Emissions: A
Comparison between Net and Gross Emissions. Journal of Forest Economics, 5(1),
139-168.
Polenske, K., and X. Lin, 1993: Conserving Energy to Reduce Carbon Dioxide
Emissions in China. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 4(2).
Poppe, D., 1999: Induced innovation and energy prices. Working Paper,
University of Kansas, KS.
Radar, N., 1996: Renewables Portfolio Standard in California as Envisioned
by the American Wind Energy Association, American Wind Energy Association (revised
May 7, 1996). [online: http://www.igc.apc.org/awea/pol/rpsca.html].
Raekwon, Ch., 1997: Unexplored potential of the public-owned technology
for promoting environmentally sound technology transfer. Korean Mission to the
UN.
Rasmusen, E., and M. Zupan, 1991: Extending the economic theory of regulation
to the form of policy. Public Choice, 72(2-3), 275-96.
Rauscher, M., 1991: Foreign trade and the environment. In Economics and
the Environment: The International Dimension. H. Siebert,(ed.), Mohr, Tübingen,
Germany,
Rauscher, M., 1994: On Ecological Dumping. Oxford Economic Papers, 46,
822-840.
Read, P., 1999: Comparative Static Analysis of Proportionate Abatement
Obligations (PAO’s) – A Market Based Instrument for Responding to
Global Warming. .NZ Econ Papers, 33(1), 137-147.
Read, P., 2000: An Information Perspective on Dynamic Efficiency in Environmental
Policy. Information Economics and Policy, 12(1), 47-68.
Reilly, J., R. Prinn, J. Harmisch, J. Fitzmaurice, H. Jacoby, D. Kicklighter,
J. Melillo, P. Stone, A. Sokolov, and C. Wang, 1999: Multiple Gas Assessment
of the Kyoto Protocol. Nature, 401, 549-555.
Richards, K., 1998: Framing Environmental Policy Instrument Choice. Working
Paper Series, Indiana University, USA.
Roberts, M. J., and M. Spence, 1976: Effluent charges and licenses under
uncertainty. Journal of Public Economics, 5, 193-208.
Rose, A., B. Stevens, J. Edmonds, and M. Wise, 1998: International Equity
and Differentiation in Global Warming Policy. Environmental and Resource Economics,
12, 25-51.
Rose, A., E. Bulte, and H. Folmer, 1999: Long-Run Implications for Developing
Countries of Joint Implementation of GHG Mitigation. Environmental and Resource
Economics, 14, 19-31.
Rosen, R., T. Woolf, B. Dougherty, B. Biewald, and S. Bernow, 1995: Promoting
Environmental Quality in a Restructured Electric Industry. Prepared for the
National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, Tellus Institute,
Boston, MA.
Rosewicz, B., 1990: Americans Are Willing to Sacrifice to Reduce Pollution,
They Say. Wall Street Journal, April 20, A1.
Rowlands, I., 1995: The politics of global atmospheric change. Manchester
University Press, Manchester, UK.
Rucker, M., 2000: Linking International Green Power Markets: Lessons
from the APX Green Tickets. Presented at Fifth National Green Power Marketing
Conference, Denver, CO, August 8 2000.
Russell., C. and P. Powell, 1996: Choosing Environmental Policy Tools
Theoretical and Practical Considerations. Inter American Development Bank, Washington
DC.
Sagawa, N., 1998: Energy in Japan. The Institute of Energy Economics, March,
Japan.
Sandel, M.J., 1997: It’s Immoral to Buy the Right to Pollute [Editorial].
New York Times, December 15, A29.
Schaeffer, G., M. Boots, J. Martens, and M. Voogt, 1999: Tradable Green
Certificates, A New Market-Based Incentive Scheme for Renewable Energy: Introduction
and Analysis. Netherlands Energy Research Foundation ECN, Petten.
Schmalensee, R., P.L. Joskow, A.D. Ellerman, J.P. Montero, and E.M. Bailey,
1998: An Interim Evaluation of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions Trading. Journal of
Economic Perspectives, 12(3), 53-68.
Schneider, K., 1998: Comment on M. Hoel: Emission taxes versus other
Environmental Policies. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 100(1), 105-108.
Schumpeter, J., 1942: Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. Harper, New
York, NY..
Segerson, K., and Miceli, T., 1997: Voluntary Approaches to Environmental
Protection: The Role of Legislative Threats, Nota di lavoro 21.97, Fondazione
Eni Enrico Mattei, Milan.
Shelby, M., R. Shackleton, M. Shealy, and A. Cristofaro, 1997: The Climate
Change Implications of Eliminating U.S. Energy (and Related) Subsidies. US Environmental
Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
Shepsle, K.A., and B.R. Weingast, 1984: Political solutions to market
problems. American Political Science Review, 78, 417-34.
Sinton, J.E., and M.D. Levine, 1994: Changing Energy Intensity in Chinese
Industry. Energy Policy, March, 239-255.
Smil, V., 1990: China’s Energy. Report prepared for the U.S. Congress.
Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, DC.
Smith, V.L., and A.W. Williams, 1982: The Effects of Rent Asymmetries
in Experimental Auction Markets. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,
3(1), 99-116.
Speck, S., 1999: A database of environmental taxes and charges. European
Union. (online: http://europa.eu.int/comm/dg11/enveco/).
Stavins, R.N., 1996: Correlated uncertainty and policy instrument choice.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 30, 218-232.
Stavins, R.N., 1998a: What Can We Learn from the Grand Policy Experiment?
Lessons from SO2 Allowance Trading. Journal of Economic Perspectives,
12(3), 69-88.
Stavins, R.N., 1998b: Market Based Environmental Policies. Kennedy School
of Government, Harvard University, Harvard MA.
Stavins, R.N., 2000: Experience with Market-Based Environmental Policy
Instruments. The Handbook of Environmental Economics. K. Göran Mäler,
J. Vincent, (eds.), Elsevier, place.
Stigler, G.J., 1971: The theory of economic regulation. Bell Journal
of Economics and Management Science, 2, 3-21.
Stoneman, P., 1983: The Economic Analysis of Technological Change. Oxford
University Press, Oxford, UK.
Storey, M., G. Boyd, and J. Down, 1999: Voluntary Agreements with Industry.
In Voluntary approaches in Environmental Policy. C. Corraro, and F. Leveque
(eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 187-207.
Svendsen, G.T., 1999: U.S. interest groups prefer emission trading: a
new perspective. Public Choice, 101(1-2), 109-128.
Swezey, B., and L. Bird, 2000: Green Power Marketing in the United States:
A Status Report. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 5th editon. Golden, CO.
TERI, 1997: Capacity building for technology transfer in the context
of climate change. TERI (Draft.), New Delhi, India.
TERI, 1998: Clean Development Mechanism: Issues and Modalities. TERI,
New Delhi, India.
The People’s Republic of China, 1997: National Report on Sustainable
Development.
Thorne, S., and E.L. La Rovere, 1999: Criteria and indicators for the
appraisal of Clean Development Mechanism Projects. Paper presented at COP5,
Helio International.
Tietenberg, T., 1998: Ethical influences on the evolution of the US tradable
permit approach to air pollution control. Ecological Economics. 24, 241-257.
Tietenberg, T., 2000: Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, 5th
ed. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
Tietenberg, T., and D. Wheeler, 2000: Empowering the Community: Information
Strategies for Pollution Control. In Frontiers of Environmental Economics, H.
Folmer, (ed.).
Tol, R.S.J., 1999: Kyoto, Efficiency, and Cost-Effectiveness: Application
of FUND, The Energy Journal, Special Issue. The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol:
A Multi-Model Evaluation, May, 131-156.
Toman, M.A., R.D. Morgenstern, and J. Anderson, 1999: The economics of
when flexibility in the design of GHG abatement policies. Resources for the
Future Discussion Paper 99-38 (revised).
Torvanger, A., and Skodvin, T., 1999: Implementing the Kyoto Protocol
- The role of environmental agreements. CICERO (Center for International Climate
and Environmental Research).
Trexler, M., 1998: The Role of Forestry as a Climate Change Mitigation
Strategy. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
Tulpulé, V., S. Brown, J. Lim, C. Polidano, H. Pant, and B.S.
Fisher, 1999: The Kyoto Protocol: An Economic Analysis Using GTEM. The Energy
Journal, Special Issue, The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol. A Multi-Model Evaluation,
May, 257-286.
Ulph, A., 1993: Environmental Policy and International Trade When Governments
and Producers Act Strategically. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management.
Ulph, A., 1994: Environmental policy, plant location and government protection.
In Trade, Innovation, Environment. C. Carraro, C. (ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht.
Ulph, A., 1996: Strategic environmental policy and international trade
- the role of market conduct. In Environmental Policy and Market Structure.
C. Carraro, Y. Katsoulacos, and A. Xepapadeas, (eds.), pp. 99-127.
Ulph, D., 1994: Strategic innovation and strategic environmental policy.
In Trade, Innovation, Environment. C. Carraro (ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht.
UNCTAD, 1998: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading: Defining the Principles,
Modalities, Rules and Guidelines for Verification, Reporting and Accountability.
United Nations, p.15., August.
UNEP, 1983; 1991: Multilateral Treaties in the Field of the Environment,
Vol. 1 (1983), Vol. 2 (1991).
UNFCCC, 1992: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Climate Change Secretariat, Geneva, June.
UNFCCC, 1997: The Kyoto Protocol to the Convention on Climate Change.
Climate Change Secretariat, Bonn, December.
UNFCCC, 1999: Procedures and mechanisms relating to compliance under
the Kyoto Protocol. Submissions from Parties, Note by the secretariat, United
Nations (FCCC/SB/1999/MISC.4 and addenda).
UNFCCC, 2000: Procedures and mechanisms relating to compliance under
the Kyoto Protocol. Proposals by the Co-Chairman of the Joint Working Group
on Compliance, 15 September.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 1998: Non-Paper
on Principles, Modalities, Rules and Guidelines for an International Emissions
Trading Regime on behalf of the European Community and its Member States and
Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Latvia, Switzerland, Slovenia, Poland and
Bulgaria, June 8.
US Congressional Record, 1992: The Comprehensive National Energy Policy
Act, Vol. 138, No. 142-Part V, Washington, DC.
US DOE, 1999: Supporting Analysis of the Clinton Administration’s
Comprehensive Electricity Act (CECA). US DOE, May.
US FERC, 1996: Environmental Impact Statement, Promoting Wholesale Competition
through Open Access Non-Discriminatory Transmission Services by Public Utilities
and Recovery of Stranded Cost by Public Utilities and Transmitting Utilities,
US FERC, April.
Van Beers, C. and Van den Bergh, 1997: An empirical multi-country analysis
of the impact of environmental regulations on foreign trade flows. Kyklos 50,
29-46.
Van Dril, A.W.N., 2000: Testing Dutch LTA’s: eco-efficiency can
be improved. ENER.
Vollebergh, H.R.J., J.L. de Vries and P.R. Koutstaal, 1997: Hybrid carbon
incentive mechanisms and political acceptability. Environmental and Resource
Economics 9, 43-63.
Ward, H. and D. Black, 2000: Trade, Investment and the Environment, The
Royal Institute of International Affairs, London.
Watson, W.D. and R.G. Ridker, 1984: Losses from effluent taxes and quotas
under uncertainty. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 11,
310-316.
WEC, 1998: Benefits and Deficiencies of Energy Sector Liberalization.
World Energy Council.
Weinberg, C.J., 1995: The Electricity Utility: Restructuring and Technology
- A Path to Light or Dark. In Profits in the Public Interest. National Association
of Regulatory Utility Commissioners. Washington DC.
Weitzman, M., 1974: Prices versus quantities. Review of Economic Studies
41, 477-491.
Wellisch, D., 1995: Locational choices of firms and decentralized environmental
policy with various instruments. Journal of Urban Economics 37(3), 290-310.
Werksman, J., 1998: Compliance and the Kyoto Protocol: Building a Backbone
into a “Flexible” Regime. 9 Yearbook International Environmental Law,
48.
Werksman, J., 1999: GHG Emissions Trading and the WTO. Foundation for
International Law and Development, London.
Weyant, J.P., and J. Hill, 1999: Introduction and Overview. The Energy
Journal, Special Issue, The Costs of the Kyoto Protocol: A Multi-Model Evaluation,
May, vii-xiv.
Wiener, J., 1998: Global Environmental Regulation: Instrument Choice
in Legal Context. Yale Law Journal, 677, 108.
Wirl, F., C. Huber, and I.O. Walker, 1998: Joint Implementation: Strategic
Reactions and Possible Remedies. Environmental and Resource Economics, 12(2),
203-224.
Wiser, G., 1999: Compliance Systems Under Multilateral Agreements. Centre
for International Environmental Law, Washington, DC., October.
Wiser, G., 2000: Restoring the Balance, Using Remedial Measures to Avoid
and Cure Non-Compliance under the Kyoto Protocol, March.
Wiser, R.H., 1997: Renewable energy finance and project ownership: the
impact of alternative development structures on the cost of wind power. Energy
Policy, 25(1), 15-27.
Wiser, R. 1999. Comparing State Portfolio Standards and System-Benefits
Charges Under Restructuring. LBNL, April.
Wiser, R., and S. Pickle, 1997: Green Marketing, Renewables and Free
Riders: Increasing Customer Demand for Public Good. Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, LBNL-40532, UC-1321, September.
Wiser, R., J. Fang, and A. Houston, 1999: Green Power Marketing in Retail
Competition: An Early Assessment. The Topical Issues Brief Series sponsored
by DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, place.
Wiser, R., K. Porter, and M. Bolinger, 2000: Comparing State Portfolio
Standards and System-Benefits Charges Under Restructuring. Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory. Berkeley, CA.
Woerdman, E., 2000: The EU Proposal on Supplementarity: a Questionnaire.
University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Woerdman, E., and W.P. van der Gaast, 1999: A Review of the Cost-Effectiveness
of Activities Implemented Jointly: Projecting JI and CDM Credit Prices. ECOF
Working Paper (First Draft), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Wolsink, M., 1996: Dutch Wind Power Policy: Stagnating Implementation
of Renewables. Energy Policy, 24(12).
World Trade Organization, 1999: United States- Import Prohibition of
Certain Shrimp and Shrimp Products (Shrimp-Turtle decision). Report of the Appellate
Body (WT/DS58/AB/R), 12 October.
Wortmann, K., M. Klitzke, S. Lörx, R. Menges, 1996: Grüner
Tarif. Klimaschutz durch freiwillige Kundenbeiträge zum Stromtarif. Akzeptanz,
Umsetzung, Verwendung. Energiestiftung Schleswig-Holstein Studie 2, Kiel, Germany.
Yamaguchi, M. 2000. Global Environmental Issues and Corporate Activity.
Iwanami Publishing Company. Tokyo (in Japanese).
Yamin, F., 1998: The Clean Development Mechanism and Adaptation, Working
Paper, Foundation for International Environmental Law and Development, London,
p. 38.
Yamin, F, J. Burniaux, and A. Nentjes, 2000: Kyoto Mechanisms: Key Issues
for Policy-Makers for COP-6. International Environmental Agreements: Politics,
Law and Economics, 1(2).
Zerbe, R.O., 1970: Theoretical efficiency in pollution control. Western
Economic Journal, 8, 364-376.
Zhang, Z., 1999a: Estimating the Size of the Potential Market for All
Three Flexibility Mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol.
Zhang, Z., 1999b: Towards a Successful International GHG Emissions Trading
System. On the Compatibility of Flexible Instruments. C.J. Jepma, W. van der
Gaast (eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 93-102.
Zhang, Z., 2000: Should the rules of allocating permits be harmonized?
Ecological Economics.
|
Other reports in this collection |
|