Table 4-8: Studies of impact of climate change on water resources and hazards (published since the SAR). | ||
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Impact
|
Catchment/Region
|
Reference
|
Public water supply | ||
– Water supply systems – Supply reservoirs – Supply reservoir – Supply reservoir – Supply reservoirs – Supply system – Groundwater supply – Water supply system – Supply system |
Four U.S. basins |
Lettenmaier et al. (1999) |
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Irrigation | ||
– Impacts on crop yields – Impacts on crop yields – Rice irrigation – Irrigated agriculture – Irrigated cropland – Irrigated cropland |
New York, Indiana, and Oklahoma, USA Southern European Russia Senegal River basin, West Africa Columbia River, USA/Canada Georgia, USA USA |
Tung and Haith (1998) Georgiyevsky et al. (1996) Venema et al. (1997) Cohen et al. (2000) Hatch et al. (1999) Strzepek et al. (1999) |
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Power generation | ||
– Hydropower (reservoir) – Hydropower (reservoir) – Hydropower (lake) – Hydropower (lake) – Hydropower (reservoir) – Hydropower (reservoir) |
Southeast USA Nordic region Great Lakes Four U.S. basins Columbia River, USA/Canada Tana River, Kenya |
Robinson (1997) |
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Navigation | ||
– River navigation – River navigation – River navigation – Lake navigation |
Rhine River Three U.S. basins Columbia River, USA/Canada Great Lakes |
Grabs (1997) Lettenmaier et al. (1999) Cohen et al. (2000) Chao and Wood (1999) |
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Flood risk | ||
– Riverine flood risk – Riverine flood risk – Riverine flood risk – Riverine flood risk |
Rhine basin Eastern Australia Columbia River, USA/Canada Five U.S. basins |
Grabs (1997) Minnery and Smith (1996) Cohen et al. (2000) Lettenmaier et al. (1999) |
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Pollution control and water quality management |
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– Wastewater treatment | Slovakia | Carmichael et al. (1996) |
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Low flows and instream needs | ||
– Fishery impacts – Environmental low flows |
Columbia River, USA/Canada Midwest USA |
Cohen et al. (2000) Eheart et al. (1999) |
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General overview | ||
– Review – Review – Review – Review – Review – Review – Review – Review |
UK USA Canada Central Great Plains, USA Mexico Estonia South Asia Kenya |
Arnell (1998) |
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Although there have been many assessments of the effect of climate change on river flows and (to a much lesser extent) groundwater recharge, there have been few published quantitative studies into impacts on real water resource systems. Table 4-8 lists studies published in particular aspects of the water sector. Rather than summarize a large number of studies—which use different scenarios and different methodologies—this section gives a description of a few particularly comprehensive studies.
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