Other reports in this collection
Allen, J.R.L. and J.E. Rae, 1988: Vertical salt marsh accretion since
the Roman period in the Severn Estuary, southwest Britain. Marine Geology, 83,
225-235.
Anandakrishnan, S., and R.B. Alley, 1997: Stagnation of ice stream C,
West Antarctica by water piracy. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 265-268.
Anandakrishnan, S., D.D. Blankenship, R.B. Alley, and P.L. Stoffa, 1998:
Influence of subglacial geology on the position of a West Antarctic ice stream.
Nature, 394 , 62-65.
Anisimov, O.A. and F.E. Nelson, 1997: Permafrost zonation and climate
change in the northern hemisphere: results from transient general circulation
models. Clim. Change, 35, 241-258.
Aniya, M., H. Sato, R. Naruse, P. Skvarca, G. Casassa, 1997: Recent glacier
variations in the Southern Patagonian icefield, South America. Arctic and Alpine
Research, 29 (1), 1-12.
Antonioli, F. and M. Oliverio, 1996: Holocene sea level rise recorded
by a radiocarbon-dated mussel in a submerged speleotherm beneath the Mediterranean
Sea, Quat. Res., 45, 241-244.
Antonov, J.I., 1993: Linear trends of temperature at intermediate and
deep layers of the North Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans: 1957-1981. J. Climate,
6, 1928-42.
Antonov, J.I., S. Levitus and T. P. Boyer, 2000: Ocean temperature and
salinity impact on sea level rise duriing 1957-1994. EOS Trans., AGU, 81, Fall
Meet Suppl., Abstract, U61B-03-2000.
Anzenhofer, T. G, 1998: Fully reprocessed ERS-1 altimeter data from 1992
to 1995: Feasibility of the detection of long term sea level change. J. Geophys.
Res., 103(C4), 8089-112.
Arbic, B.K. and B. Owens, 2001: Climatic Warming of Atlantic Intermediate
Waters, J. Climate, in press.
Arhan, M., H. Mercier, B. Bourles, and Y. Gouriou, 1998: Hydrographic
sections across the Atlantic at 7 30N and 4 30S. Deep-Sea Res., I, 45,
829-72.
Bacon, S. and D.J.T. Carter, 1991: Wave climate changes in the North
Atlantic and North Sea. Int. J. Climatol., 11, 545-558.
Bacon, S. and D.J.T. Carter, 1993: A connection between mean wave height
and atmospheric pressure gradient in the North Atlantic. Int. J. Climatol.,
13, 423-436.
Bahr, D.B., 1997: Global distributions of glacier properties: a stochastic
scaling paradigm. Water Resour. Res., 33, 1669-1679.
Bahr, D.B., M.F. Meier, and S.D. Peckham, 1997: The physical basis of
glacier volume-area scaling. J. Geophys. Res., 102(B9), 20355-20362.
Bahr, D.B., W.T. Pfeffer, C. Sassolas, and M.F. Meier, 1998: Response
time of glaciers as a function of size and mass balance: 1. Theory. Journal
of Geophysical Research, 103, 9777-9782.
Balmino, G., R. Sabadini, C. Tscherning, and P.L. Woodworth, 1996: Gravity
Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Mission. Reports for assessment: the
nine candidate Earth Explorer Missions. European Space Agency Report SP-1196(1).
77pp.
Balmino, G., R. Rummel, P. Visser, and P. Woodworth, 1999. Gravity Field
and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Mission. Reports for assessment: the four
candidate Earth Explorer Core Missions. European Space Agency Report SP-1233(1).
217pp.
Bamber, J.L., D.G.Vaughan, and I. Joughin, 2000: Widespread complex flow
in the interior of the Antarctic ice sheet, Science, 287, 1248-1250.
Bard, E., B. Hamelin, M. Arnold, L.F. Montaggioni, G. Cabioch, G. Faure
and F. Rougerie, 1996: Deglacial sea level record from Tahiti corals and the
timing of global meltwater discharge. Nature, 382, 241-244.
Barker, P. F., P.J. Barrett, A.K. Cooper, and P. Huybrechts, 1999: Antarctic
glacial history from numerical models and continental margin sediments. Palaeogeography,
Palaeoecology, Palaeoclimatology, 150, 247-267.
Basnett, T.A. and D.E. Parker, 1997: Development of the global mean sea
level pressure data set GMSLP2. Climatic Research Technical Note No.79, Hadley
Centre, Meteorological Office, Bracknell, 16pp. & Appendices.
Bauer, A., 1968: Nouvelle estimation du bilan de masse de l’Inlandsis
du Groenland. Deep Sea Res., 14, 13-17.
Bell, R. E., D.D. Blankenship, C.A. Finn, D.L. Morse, T.A. Scambos, J.M.
Brozena, and S.M. Hodge, 1998: Influence of subglacial geology on the onset
of a West Antarctic ice stream from aerogeophysical observations. Nature, 394,
58-62.
Benson, C.S., 1962: Stratigraphic studies in the snow and firn of the
Greenland Ice Sheet. US Army SIPRE (now CRREL) Research Report, 70, 93
Bentley, C.R., 1997: Rapid sea level rise soon from West Antarctic ice
sheet collapse? Science, 275, 1077-1078.
Bentley, C.R., 1998a: Ice on the fast track. Nature, 394, 21-22.
Bentley, C.R., 1998b: Rapid sea level rise from a West Antarctic ice-sheet
collapse: a short-term perspective. Journal of Glaciology, 44 (146) 157-163.
Bentley, C. R., and J. Wahr, 1998: Satellite gravimetry and the mass
balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. Journal of Glaciology, 44 (147),
207-213.
Bentley, M.J., 1999: Volume of Antarctic Ice at the Last Glacial Maximum,
and its impact on global sea level change [Review]. Quaternary Science Reviews,
18, 1569-1595.
Bijl, W., R. Flather, J.G. de Ronde and T. Schmith, 1999: Changing storminess?
An analysis of long-term sea level data sets. Clim. Res., 11, 161-172.
Bindoff, N.L. and J.A. Church, 1992: Warming of the water column in the
southwest Pacific Ocean. Nature, 357, 59-62.
Bindoff, N.L., and T.J. McDougall, 1994: Diagnosing Climate Change and
Ocean Ventilation using Hydrographic Data. Journal of Physical Oceanography,
24, 1137-1152.
Bindoff, N.L., and T.J. McDougall, 2000: Decadal changes along an Indian
Ocean section at 32S and their interpretation. Journal of Physical Oceanography,
30 (June), 1207-1222.
Bindschadler, R., and P. Vornberger, 1998: Changes in the West Antarctic
ice sheet since 1963 from declassified satellite photography. Science, 279,
689-692.
Bindschadler, R., 1998: Future of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Science,
282, 428-429.
Blankenship, D. D., C.R. Bentley, S.T. Rooney, and R.B. Alley, 1986:
Seismic measurements reveal a saturated porous layer beneath an active Antarctic
ice stream. Nature, 322, 54-57.
Braithwaite, R.J., 1995: Positive degree-day factors for ablation on
the Greenland Ice Sheet studied by energy-balance modeling, Journal of Glaciology,
41(137), 153-160.
Braithwaite, R.J. and Y. Zhang, 1999: Modelling changes in glacier mass
balance that may occur as a result of climate changes. Geografiska Annaler,
81A, 489-496.
Bromwich, D., 1995: Ice sheets and sea level. Nature, 373, 18-19.
Bromwich, D.H., R.I.Cullather and M.L. van Woert, 1998: Antarctic precipitation
and its contribution to the global sea level budget. Annals of Glaciology, 27,
220-226.
Bryan, K., 1996: The steric component of sea level rise associated with
enhanced greenhouse warming: a model study. Climate Dynamics, 12, 545-55.
Bryden, H.L., M.J. Griffiths, A.M. Lavin, R.C. Milliard, G. Parilla,
and W.M. Smethie, 1996: Decadal changes in water mass characteristics at 24°N
in the Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Climate, 9(12), 3162-86.
Budd, W. F., and I.N. Smith, 1985: The state of balance of the Antarctic
ice sheet, an updated assessment. In: Glaciers, ice sheets and sea level: effects
of a CO2-induced climatic change. National Academy Press, Washington, pp. 172-177.
Budd, W. F., P.A. Reid, and L.J. Minty, 1995: Antarctic moisture flux
and net accumulation from global atmospheric analyses. Annals of Glaciology,
21, 149-156.
Budd, W.F., B. Coutts, and R. Warner, 1998: Modelling the Antarctic and
northern hemisphere ice-sheet changes with global climate through the glacial
cycle. Ann. Glaciol. 27, 153-160.
Carmack, E.C., K. Aargaard, J.H. Swift, R.W. MacDonald, F.A. McLaughlin,
E.P. Jones, R.G. Perkin, J.N. Smith, K.M. Ellis, and L.R. Killius, 1997: Changes
in temperature and tracer distributions within the Arctic Ocean: Results from
the 1994 Arctic Ocean section. Deep-Sea Research II, 44(8), 1487-502.
Carter, D.J.T. and L. Draper, 1988: Has the north-east Atlantic become
rougher? Nature, 332, 494.
Casassa, G., 1995: Glacier inventory in Chile: current status and recent
glacier variations. Annals of Glaciology, 21, 317-322.
Cazenave, A., P. Bonnefond, K. Dominh, and P. Schaeffer, 1997: Caspian
sea level from Topex-Poseidon altimetry: Level now falling, Geophysical Research
Letters, 24, 881-884.
Cazenave, A., K. Dominh, M.C. Gennero, and B. Ferret, 1998: Global mean
sea level changes observed by Topex-Poseidon and ERS-1. Physical Chemical Earth,
23, 1069-75.
Cazenave, A., K. Dominh, L. Soudrarin, F. Ponchaut, and C. Le Provost,
1999: Sea level changes from TOPEX-POSEIDON altimetry and tide gauges and vertical
crustal motions from DORIS. Geophysical Research Letters, 26, 2077-2080.
Chappell, J., 1982: Evidence for smoothly falling sea level relative
to north Queensland, Australia, during the past 6000 years. Nature, 302,
406-408.
Chappell, J., A. Ohmura, T. Esat, M. McCulloch, J. Pandolfi, Y. Ota,
and B. Pillans, 1996a: Reconciliation of late Quaternary sea levels derived
from coral terraces at Huon Peninsula with deep sea oxygen isotope records.
Earth Planetary Science Letters, 141: 227-236.
Chappell, J., Y. Ota, and K. Berryman, 1996b: Late Quaternary coseismic
uplift history of Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea, Quaternary Science Review,
15, 7-22.
Cheng, M.K., C.K. Shum and B.D. Tapley, 1997: Determination of long-term
changes in the Earth’s gravity field from satellite laser ranging observations.
Journal Geophysical Research 102, 22,377-22,390.
Chinn, T.J., 1991: Glacier inventory of New Zealand. Institute of Geological
and Nuclear Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Chinn, T.J., 1999: New Zealand glacier response to climate change of
the past 2 decades. Global and Planetary Change, 22, 155-168.
Church, J.A., J.S. Godfrey, D.R. Jackett, and T.J. McDougall, 1991: A
model of sealevel rise caused by ocean thermal expansion. Journal of Climate,
4(4), 438-56.
Clausen, H. B., N. S. Gundestrup, S. J. Johnsen, R. A. Bindschadler and
H. J. Zwally, 1988: Glaciological investigations in the Crete area, Central
Greenland. A search for a new drilling site. Annals of Glaciology, 10,
10-15.
Cogley, J.G., W.P. Adams, 1998: Mass balance of glaciers other than ice
sheets. Journal of Glaciology, 44, 315-325.
Conway, H.W., B.L. Hall, G.H. Denton, A.M. Gades, and E.D.Waddington,
1999: Past and future grounding-line retreat of the West Antarctic ice sheet,
Science, 286, 280-286.
Cubasch, U., B.D. Santer, A. Hellbach, G. Hegerl, H. Höck, E. Meier-Reimer,
U. Mikolajewicz, A. Stössel, R. Voss, 1994: Monte Carlo climate change
forecasts with a global coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Climate Dynamics, 10,
1-19.
Cuffey, K.M. and G.D. Clow, 1997: Temperature, accumulation, and ice
sheet elevation in central Greenland through the last deglacial transition,
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26383-26396.
Cuffey, K.M. and S.J. Marshall, 2000: Substantial contribution to sea-level
rise during the last interglacial from the Grennland ice sheet, Nature., 404,
591-594.
Curry, R.G., M.S. McCartney, and T.M. Joyce, 1998: Oceanic transport
of subpolar climate signals to mid-depth subtropical waters. Nature, 391,
575-7.
Dahl-Jensen, D., S.J. Johnsen, C.U. Hammer, H.B. Clausen and J. Jouzel,
1993: Past accumulation rates derived from observed annual layers in the GRIP
ice core from Summit, Central Greenland. In: Ice in the climate system, W.R.
Peltier (ed), NATO ASI Series, I 12, pp. 517-532.
Dansgaard, W., S.J. Johnsen, H.B. Clausen, D. Dahl-Jensen, N.S. Gundestrup,
C.U. Hammer, C.S. Hvidberg, J.P. Steffensen, A.E. Sveinbjoernsdottir, J. Jouzel
and G.C. Bond, 1993: Evidence for general instability of past climate from a
250-kyr ice-core record. Nature, 364, 218-220.
Davis, J.L. and J.X. Mitrovica, 1996. Glacial isostatic adjustment and
the anomalous tide gauge record of eastern North America. Nature, 379,
331-333.
Davis, C. H., C.A. Kluever, and B.J. Haines, 1998: Elevation change of
the southern Greenland Ice Sheet. Science, 279, 2086-2088.
Day, J.W., W.H. Conner, R. Costanza, G.P. Kemp, and I.A. Mendelssohn,
1993: Impacts of sea level rise on coastal systems with special emphasis on
the Mississippi River deltaic plain. In: Climate and sea level change: observations,
projections and implications, R.A. Warrick, E.M. Barrow and T.M.L. Wigley (eds),
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 276-296.
De Wolde, J.R., R. Bintanja, and J. Oerlemans, 1995: On thermal expansion
over the last hundred years. Climate Dynamics, 11, 2881-2891.
De Wolde, J. R., P. Huybrechts, J. Oerlemans, and R.S.W. van de Wal,
1997: Projections of global mean sea level rise calculated with a 2D energy-balance
climate model and dynamic ice sheet models. Tellus, 49A, 486-502.
Dickson, R., J. Lazier, J. Meincke, P. Rhines and J. Swift, 1996: Long-term
coordinated changes in the convective activity of the North Atlantic. Progress
in Oceanography, 38, 241-295.
Dickson, R., Nathan Bindoff, Annie Wong, Brian Arbic, Breck Owens, Shiro
Imawacki and Jim Hurrell, 2001: The World during WOCE. In: Ocean Circulation
and Climate, G. Siedler and J.A. Church (eds), Academic Press, London, pp 557-583.
Doake, C.S.M., H.F.J. Corr, H. Rott, P. Skvarca, and N.W. Young, 1998:
Breakup and conditions for stability of the northern Larsen Ice Shelf, Antarctica.
Nature, 391, 778-780.
Dolgushin, L.D. and G.B. Osipova, 1989: Glaciers. Mysl, Moscow, 444pp.
D’Onofrio, E.E., M.M.E. Fiore and S.I. Romero, 1999: Return periods of
extreme water levels estimated for some vulnerable areas of Buenos Aires. Continental
Shelf Research, 19, 1681-1693.
Douglas, B.C. 1991: Global sea level rise. Journal of Geophysical Research,
96, 6981-6992.
Douglas, B.C., 1992: Global sea level acceleration. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 97, 12699-12706.
Douglas, B.C., 1995: Global sea level change: determination and interpretation.
Reviews of Geophysics, Supplement, 1425-1432. (U.S. National Report to the International
Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991-1994).
Douglas, B.C., 1997: Global sea rise: a redetermination. Surveys in Geophysics,
18, 279-292.
Dowdeswell, J.A., J.O. Hagen, H. Björnsson, A.F. Glazovsky, W.D.
Harrison, P. Holmlund, J. Jania, R.M. Koerner, B. Lefauconnier, C.S.L. Ommanney,
and R.H. Thomas, 1997: The mass balance of circum-Arctic glaciers and recent
climate change. Quaternary Research, 48, 1-14.
Drewry, D.J. and E.M. Morris, 1992: The response of large ice sheets
to climatic change. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
B, 338, 235-242.
Dyurgerov, M.B., and M.F. Meier, 1997a: Mass balance of mountain and
subpolar glaciers: a new assessment for 1961–1990. Arctic and Alpine Research,
29, 379-391.
Dyurgerov, M.B., and M.F. Meier, 1997b: Year-to-year fluctuations of
global mass balance of small glaciers and their contribution to sea level changes.
Arctic and Alpine Research, 29, 392-402.
Dyurgerov, M.B., and M.F. Meier, 1999: Analysis of winter and summer
glacier mass balances. Geografiska Annaler, 81A, 541-554.
Echelmeyer, K. A., W.D. Harrison, C. Larsen, and J.E. Mitchell, 1994:
The role of the margins in the dynamics of an active ice stream. Journal of
Glaciology, 40, 527-538.
Ekman, M., 1988: The world’s longest continued series of sea level observations.
Pure and Applied Gephysics, 127, 73-77.
Ekman, M., 1999: Climate changes detected through the world’s longest
sea level series. Global and Planetary Change, 21, 215-224.
Eronen, M., G. Glückert, O. van de Plassche, J. van der Plicht,
and P. Rantala, 1995: Land uplift in the Olkilvoto-Pyhäjärvi area,
southwestern Finland, during the last 8000 years, In: Nuclear Waste Commission
of Finnish Power Companies, Helsinki, 26 pp.
Fairbanks, R.G., 1989: A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea level record:
influence of glacial melting dates on the Younger Dryas event and deep ocean
circulation. Nature, 342, 637-642.
Flather, R.A. and H. Khandker, 1993: The storm surge problem and possible
effects of sea level changes on coastal flooding in the Bay of Bengal, in Climate
and sea level change: observations, projections and implications, R.A. Warrick,
E.M. Barrow and T.M.L.Wigley (eds), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 424pp.
Flather, R.A., and J.A. Smith, 1998: First estimates of changes in extreme
storm surge elevations due to the doubling of CO2. Global Atmospheric
Ocean Systems, 6, 193-208.
Fleming, K., P. Johnston, D. Zwartz, Y. Yokoyama, K. Lambeck, and J.
Chappell, 1998: Refining the eustatic sea level curve since the Last Glacial
Maximum using far- and intermediate-field sites, Earth Planetary Science Letters,
163, 327-342.
Flemming, N.C. and C.O. Webb, 1986: Regional patterns of coastal tectonics
and eustatic change of sea level in the Mediterranean during the last 10,000
years derived from archaeological data. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie.
December, Suppl - Bd62, p.1-29.
Fox, A. J., and A.P.R. Cooper, 1994: Measured properties of the Antarctic
ice sheet derived from the SCAR Antarctic digital database. Polar Record, 30,
201-206.
Giovinetto, M. B., and H.J. Zwally, 1995a: An assessment of the mass
budgets of Antarctica and Greenland using accumulation derived from remotely
sensed data in areas of dry snow. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie,
31, 25-37.
Giovinetto, M. B., and H.J. Zwally, 1995b: Annual changes in sea ice
extent and of accumulation on ice sheets: implications for sea level variability.
Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 31, 39-49.
Giovinetto, M.B., and H.J. Zwally, 2000: Spatial distribution of net
surface accumulation on the Antarctic ice sheet, Annals of Glaciology, 31,
171-178.
Glover, R.W., 1999: Influence of spatial resolution and treatment of
orography on GCM estimates of the surface mass balance of the Greenland Ice
Sheet, Journal of Climate, 12, 551-563.
Gornitz, V., 1995: A comparison of differences between recent and late
Holocene sea level trends from eastern North America and other selected regions.
Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue 17, Holocene Cycles: Climate, Sea
Levels and Sedimentation, C.W. Finkl, Jr. (ed.), pp.287-297.
Gornitz, V., 2000: Impoundment, groundwater mining, and other hydrologic
transformations: impacts on global sea level rise. In Sea level rise: history
and consequences, B.C. Douglas, M.S. Kearney and S.P. Leatherman (eds.), Academic
Press, 97-119.
Gornitz, V., and S. Lebedeff, 1987: Global sea level changes during the
past century. In: sea level Fluctuation and Coastal Evolution, D. Nummedal,
O.H. Pilkey and J.D. Howard (eds.), Society for Economic Paleontologists and
Mineralogists, pp. 3-16 (SEPM Special Publication No. 41).
Gornitz, V. and Solow, A. 1991: Observations of long-term tide-gauge
records for indications of accelerated sea level rise. In, Greenhouse-gas-induced
climatic change: a critical appraisal of simulations and observations, M.E.
Schlesinger (ed.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp.347-367.
Gornitz, V., C. Rosenzweig, and D. Hillel, 1997: Effects of anthropogenic
intervention in the land hydrological cycle on global sea level rise. Global
and Planetary Change, 14, 147-161.
Gorshkov, S.G. (Ed.), 1983: Arctic Ocean Vol. 3, In The World Ocean Atlas
Series (in Russian), Pergamon, Oxford.
Gregory, J.M., 1993: Sea level changes under increasing atmospheric CO2
in a transient coupled ocean-atmophere GCM Experiment. Journal of Climate, 6,
2247-62.
Gregory, J.M. and J.F.B. Mitchell, 1997: The climate response to CO2
of the Hadley Centre coupled AOGCM with and without flux adjustment, Geophys
Res Lett, 24, 1943-1946.
Gregory, J.M. and J. Oerlemans, 1998: Simulated future sea level rise
due to glacier melt based on regionally and seasonally resolved temperature
changes. Nature, 391, 474-6.
Gregory, J.M. and J.A. Lowe, 2000: Predictions of global and regional
sea level rise using AOGCMs with and without flux adjustment. Geophysical Research
Letters, 27, 3069-3072.
Gregory, J.M., J.A. Church, G.J. Boer, K.W. Dixon, G.M. Flato, D. R.
Jackett, J. A. Lowe, S. P. O’Farrell, E. Roeckner, G.L. Russell, R. J.
Stouffer, M. Wintern, 2001: Comparison of results from several AOGCMs for global
and regional sea level change 1900-2100. Clim. Dynam., in press..
Greve, R., 2000: On the response of the Greenland Ice Sheet to greenhouse
climate change. Climatic Change, 46, 289-283.
Grotefendt, K., K. Logemann, D. Quadfasel, and S. Ronski, 1998: Is the
Arctic Ocean warming? Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 27,679-27,687.
Günther, H., W. Rosenthal, M. Stawarz, J.C. Carretero, M. Gomez,
L. Lozano, O. Serrano, and M. Reistad, 1998: The wave climate of the Northeast
Atlantic over the period 1955-1994: the WASA wave hindcast. The Global Atmosphere
and Ocean System, 6, 121-163.
Haeberli, W., M. Hoelzle and S. Suter (Eds.), 1998: Into the second century
of worldwide glacier monitoring: prospects and strategies. A contribution to
the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) and the Global Environment Monitoring
System (GEMS). UNESCO - Studies and Reports in Hydrology, 56.
Haines, B.J., Y.E. Bar-Sever, 1998: Monitoring the TOPEX microwave radiometer
with GPS: Stability of columnar water vapor measurements. Geophysical Research
Letters, 25, 3563-6.
Hamilton, G. S., I.M. Whillans, and P.J. Morgan, 1998: First point measurements
of ice-sheet thickness change in Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology, 27,
125-129.
Harrison, C.G.A., 1990: Long-term eustasy and epeirogeny in continents.
pp.141-158 of sea level Change, National Research Council Surveys in Geophysics.
Hastenrath, S. and A. Ames 1995: Diagnosing the imbalance of Yanamarey
Glacier in the Cordillera Blanca of Perú. J. Geoph. Res., 100,
5105-5112.
Herring, T.A., 1998: Appreciate the gravity. Nature, 391, 434-435.
Herterich, K., 1987: On the flow within the transition zone between ice
sheet and ice shelf. In: Dynamics of the West Antarctic ice sheet, C.J. van
der Veen, and J. Oerlemans (eds.). D. Reidel, Dordrecht, pp. 185-202.
Hindmarsh, R. C. A., 1993: Qualitative dynamics of marine ice sheets.
In: Ice in the Climate System, W.R. Peltier (eds.). NATO ASI Series I12, pp.
68-99.
Hirst, A.C., 1998: The Southern Ocean response to global warming in the
CSIRO coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Environmental Modeling and Software, 14,
227-241.
Hirst, A.C., H.B. Gordon, and S.P. O’Farrell, 1996: Response of a coupled
ocean-atmosphere model including oceanic eddy-induced advection to anthropogenic
CO2 increase. Geophysical Research Letters, 23, 3361-3364.
Hoffert, M.I., A.J. Callegari and C.T. Hsieh, 1980: The role of deep
sea heat storage in the secular response to climate forcing. J. Geophys. Res.,
85, 6667-6679.
Holbrook, N.J., and N.L. Bindoff, 1997: Interannual and decadal temperature
variability in the Southwest Pacific Ocean between 1955 and 1988. Journal of
Climate, 10, 1035-49.
Hsieh, W.W., and K. Bryan, 1996: Redistribution of sea level rise associated
with enhanced greenhouse warming: a simple model study. Climate Dynamics, 12,
535-544.
Hubbert, G.D., and K. McInnes, 1999: A storm surge inundation model for
coastal planning and impact studies. Journal of Coastal Research, 15,
168-185.
Huybrechts, P., and J. Oerlemans, 1990: Response of the Antarctic Ice
Sheet to future greenhouse warming. Climate Dynamics, 5, 93-102.
Huybrechts, P., 1994: Formation and disintegration of the Antarctic ice
sheet. Annals of Glaciology, 20, 336-340.
Huybrechts, P., A. Letreguilly, and N. Reeh, 1991: The Greenland Ice
Sheet and greenhouse warming. Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology
(Global and Planetary Change Section), 89, 399-412.
Huybrechts, P., and J. De Wolde, 1999: The dynamic response of the Greenland
and Antarctic ice sheets to multiple-century climatic warming. Journal of Climate,
12, 2169-2188.
Huybrechts, P., and E. Le Meur, 1999: Predicted present-day evolution
patterns of ice thickness and bedrock elevation over Greenland and Antarctica.
Polar Research, 18, 299-308.
Huybrechts, P., A. Abe-Ouchi, I. Marsiat, F. Pattyn, T. Payne, C. Ritz,
and V. Rommelaere, 1998: Report of the Third EISMINT Workshop on Model Intercomparison,
European Science Foundation (Strasbourg), 140 p.
Huybrechts, P., C. Mayer, H. Oerter and F. Jung-Rothenhäusler, 1999:
Climate change and sea level: ice-dynamics and mass-balance studies on the Greenland
Ice Sheet, Report on the Contribution of the Alfred Wegener Institute to EU
Contract No. ENV4-CT95-0124, European Commision, DG XII, 18 pp.
Huybrechts, Ph., D. Steinhage, F. Wilhelms, and J.L. Bamber, 2000: Balance
velocities and measured properties of the Antarctic ice sheet from a new compilation
of gridded data for modelling. Annals of Glaciology, 30, 52-60.
Hyvarinen, H., 1999: Shore displacement and stone age dwelling sites
near Helsinki, southern coast of Finland. In: Digitall, Papers dedicated to
Ari Siiriainen. Finnish Antiquarian Society, 79-86p.
Ingolfsson, O., C. Hjort, P.A. Berkman, S. Björck, E. Colhoun, I.D.
Goodwin, B. Hall, K. Hirakawa, M. Melles, P. Möller, and M.L. Prentice,
1998: Antarctic glacial history since the Last Glacial Maximum: an overview
of the record on land. Antarctic Science, 10, 326-344.
IOC (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission), 1997: Global Sea Level
Observing System (GLOSS) implementation plan-1997. Intergovernmental Oceanographic
Commission, Technical Series, No. 50, 91pp. & Annexes.
IPCC, 1996: Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution
of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change. Houghton, J.T., L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N.
Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 572 pp.
IPCC, 2001: Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptations and Vulnerability:
Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change. J.J. McCarthy, O.F. Canziani, N.A. Leary, D.J. Dokken,
K.S. White (eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and
New York, NY, USA.
Jackett, D.R., T.J. McDougall, M.H. England, and A.C. Hirst, 2000: Thermal
expansion in ocean and coupled general circulation models. Journal of Climate.
13, 1384-1405.
Jacobs, S.S., H.H. Hellmer, C.S.M. Doake, A. Jenkins, and R. Frolich,
1992: Melting of ice shelves and the mass balance of Antarctica. Journal of
Glaciology, 38, 375-387
Jacobs, S.S., H.H. Hellmer, and A. Jenkins, 1996: Antarctic ice sheet
melting in the Southeast Pacific. Geophysical Research Letters, 23, 957-960.
Jacobson, H. P., and C.F. Raymond, 1998: Thermal effects on the location
of ice stream margins. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 12111-12122.
James, T.S., and E.R. Ivins. 1998. Predictions of Antarctic crustal motions
driven by present-day ice sheet evolution and by isostatic memory of the Last
Glacial Maximum. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 4993-5017.
Janssens, I., and P. Huybrechts, 2000: The treatment of meltwater retention
in mass-balance parameterisations of the Greenland Ice Sheet, Annals of Glaciology,
31, 133-140.
Jóhannesson, T., C. Raymond and E. Waddington, 1989: Timescale
for adjustment of glaciers to changes in mass balance. J. Glaciol., 35,
355-369.
Johnson, G.C., A. Orsi, 1997: Southwest Pacific Ocean Water-Mass Changes
between 1968/69 and 1990/91. Journal of Climate, 10, 306-16.
Johnston, P., 1993: The effect of spatially non-uniform water loads on
the prediction of sea level change. Geophysical Journal International, 114,
615-634.
Johnston, P., K. Lambeck, and D. Wolf, 1997: Material versus isobaric
internal boundaries in the Earth and their influence on postglacial rebound,
Geophysical Journal International, 129, 252-268.
Johnston, P.J. and K. Lambeck, 1999: Postglacial rebound and sea level
contributions to changes in the geoid and the Earth’s rotation axis. Geophysical
Journal International, 136, 537-558.
Johnston, P. and K. Lambeck, 2000: Automatic inference of ice models
from postglacial sea level observations: Theory and application to the British
Isles. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 13179-13194.
Joughin, I., R. Kwok, M. Fahnestock, 1996a: Estimation of ice-sheet motion
using satellite radar interferometry: method and error analysis with application
to Humboldt Glacier, Greenland. Journal of Glaciology, 42, 564-575.
Joughin, I., S. Tulaczyk, M. Fahnestock, R. Kwok, 1996b: A mini-surge
on the Ryder Glacier, Greenland, observed by satellite radar interferometry.
Science, 274, 228-230.
Joughin, I., L. Gray, R.A. Bindschadler, S. Price, D.L. Morse, C.L. Hulbe,
K. Mattar, and C. Werner, 1999: Tributaries of West Antarctic ice streams revealed
by RADARSAT interferometry, Science, 286, 283-286.
Joyce, T.M. and P. Robbins, 1996: The long-term hydrographic record at
Bermuda. Journal of Climate, 9, 3121-3131.
Joyce, T.M., R.S. Pickart, and R.C. Millard, 1999: Long-term hydrographic
changes at 52 and 66W in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre and Caribbean.
Deep-Sea Research II, 46, 245-78.
Jung-Rothenhäusler, F., 1998: Remote sensing and GIS studies in
North-East Greenland, Berichte zur Polarforschung (Alfred-Wegener-Institut,
Bremerhaven), 280, 161 p.
Kapsner, W.R., R.B. Alley, C.A. Shuman, S. Anandakrishnan and P.M. Grootes,
1995: Dominant influence of atmospheric circulation on snow accumulation in
central Greenland, Nature, 373, 52-54.
Kaser, G. 1999: A review of modern fluctuations of tropical glaciers.
Glob. and Plan. Change, 22, 93-104.
Kaser, G., Ch. Georges and A. Ames 1996: Modern glacier fluctuations
in the Huascrán-Chopiqualqui Massif of the Cordillera Blanca, Perú.
Z. Gletscherkunde Glazialgeol., 32, 91-99.
Kass, E., T.-S. Li, and T. Schmith, 1996: Statistical hindcast of wind
climatology in the North Atlantic and northwestern European region. Climate
Research, 7, 97-110.
Kattenberg, A., F. Giorgi, H. Grassl, G.A. Meehl, J.F.B. Mitchell, R.J.
Stouffer, T. Tokioka, A.J. Weaver and T.M.L. Wigley, 1996: Climate models -
projections of future climate, in Houghton, J.T., L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander,
N. Harris, A. Kattenberg and K. Maskell (eds), Climate Change 1995. The
Science of Climate Change, Cambridge.
Kaufmann, G. and D. Wolf, 1999: Effects of lateral viscosity variations
on postglacial rebound: an analytical approach. Geophysical Journal International,
137, 489-500.
Kauker, F., 1998: Regionalization of climate model results for the North
Sea. PhD thesis, University of Hamburg, 109pp.
Kaul, M.K., 1999: Inventory of the Himalayan glaciers. Special publication
of the Geological Survey of India.
Kearney, M.S., 1996: sea level change during the last thousand years
in Chesapeake Bay. Journal of Coastal Research, 12, 977-983.
Kearney, M.S., and J.C. Stevenson, 1991: Island land loss and marsh vertical
accretion rate evidence for historical sea level changes in Chesapeake Bay.
Journal of Coastal Resources, 7, no. 2, pp 403-415.
Knutti, R. and T.F. Stocker, 2000: Influence of the thermohaline circulation
on projected sea level rise. Journal of Climate, 13, 1997-2001.
Koblinsky, C.J., P. Gaspar and G. Lagerloef, 1992: The future of spaceborne
altimetry: oceans and climate change. A long-term strategy. Joint Ocenographic
Institutions Inc., Washington DC, 75pp.
Koltermann, K.P., A.V. Sokov, V.P. Tereschenkov, S.A. Dobroliubov, K.
Lorbacher, and A. Sy, 1999: Decadal changes in the thermohaline circulation
of the North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research II, 46, 109-38.
Koster, R.D., P.R. Houser, E.T. Engman, and W.P. Kustas. 1999: Remote
sensing may provide unprecedented hydrological data. EOS, 80, 156.
Kotlyakov, V. M., K.S. Losev, and I.A. Loseva, 1978: The ice budget of
Antarctica. Polar Geogr. Geol., 2, 251-262.
Krabill, W., E. Frederick, S. Manizade, C. Martin, J. Sonntag, R. Swift,
R. Thomas, W. Wright, and J. Yungel, 1999: Rapid thinning of parts of the southern
Greenland Ice Sheet. Science, 283, 1522-1524.
Krabill, W., W. Abdalati, E. Frederick, S. Manizade, C. Martin, J. Sonntag,
R. Swift, R. Thomas, W. Wright, and J. Yungel, 2000: Greenland Ice Sheet: high-elevation
balance and peripheral thinning, Science, 289, 428-430.
Kuhn, M. 1984. Mass budget imbalances as criterion for a climatic classification
of glaciers. Geogr. Annaler, 66A, 229-238.
Kuhn, M., E. Dreiseitl, S. Hofinger, G. Markl, N. Span, G. Kaser 1999:
Measurements and models of the mass balance of Hintereisferner. Geogr. Annaler,
81A, 659-670.
Kuzmichenok, V.A., 1993: Glaciers of the Tien Shan. Computerised analysis
of the Inventory. Materialy Glyatsiologicheskikh Isledovaniy, 77, 29-40.
Laborel, J., C. Morhange, R. Lafont, J. Le Campion, F. Laborel-Deguen,
and S. Sartoretto, 1994: Biological evidence of sea level rise during the last
4500 years on the rocky coasts of continental southwestern France and Corsica,
Marine Geology, 120, 203-223.
Lambeck, K., 1988: Geophysical Geodesy: The Slow Deformations of the
Earth. Oxford University Press, 718 pp.
Lambeck, K., 1996: Limits on the areal extent of the Barents Sea ice
sheet in Late Weischelian time, Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,
12, 41-51.
Lambeck, K., and M. Nakada, 1990: Late Pleistocene and Holocene sea level
change along the Australian coast. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology,
89, 143-176.
Lambeck, K. and P. Johnston, 1998: The viscosity of the mantle: Evidence
from analyses of glacial rebound phenomena. In: The Earth’s mantle, Jackson,
I. (ed), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 461-502pp.
Lambeck, K., C. Smither, and M. Ekman, 1998: Tests of glacial rebound
models for Fennoscandinavia based on instrumented sea- and lake-level records.
Geophysical Journal International, 135, 375-387.
Lambeck, K. and E. Bard, 2000: Sea level change along the French Mediterranean
coast since the time of the Last Glacial Maximum. Earth Planetary Science Letters,
175, 203–222.
Lamont, G.N., T.J.Chinn, and B.B. Fitzharris, 1999: Slopes of glacier
ELAs in the Southern Alps of New Zealand in relation to atmospheric circulation
patterns. Global and Planetary Change, 22, 209-219.
Langenberg, H., A. Pfizenmayer, H. von Storch and J. Suendermann, 1999:
Storm-related sea level variations along the North Sea coast: natural variability
and anthropogenic change, Continental Shelf Research, 19, 821-842.
Latif, M. and E. Roeckner, 2000: Tropical stabilisation of the thermohaline
circulation in a greenhouse warming simulation, J. Climate, 13, 1809-1813.
Ledwell, J.R., A.J.Watson and C.S. Law, 1993: Evidence for slow mixing
across the pycnocline from an open-ocean tracer-release experiment. Nature,
364, 701-703.
Ledwell, J.R., A.J. Watson and C.S. Law, 1998: Mixing of a tracer in
the pycnocline. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 21,499-21,529.
Leggett, J., W.J. Pepper and R.J. Swart, 1992: Emissions scenarios for
the IPCC: an update. In Climate change 1992: the supplementary report to the
IPCC scientific assessment, Houghton, J.T., B.A. Callander and S.K. Varney (eds.),
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Letreguilly, A., P. Huybrechts, N. Reeh, 1991: Steady-state characteristics
of the Greenland ice sheet under different climates. J. Glaciology, 37,
149-157.
Levitus, S., 1989a: Interpentadal variability of temperature and salinity
at intermediate depths of the North Atlantic, 1970-1974 versus 1955-1959. Journal
of Geophysical Research, 94, 6091-131.
Levitus, S., 1989b: Interpentadal variability of temperature and salinity
in the deep North Atlantic, 1970-1974 versus 1955-1959. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 94, 16,125-16,131.
Levitus, S., 1990: Interpentadal variability of steric sea level and
geopotential thickness of the North Atlantic, 1970-1974 versus 1955-1959. Journal
of Geophysical Research, 95, 5233-8.
Levitus, S., J.I. Antonov, T.P. Boyer, and C. Stephens, 2000: Warming
of the World Ocean. Science, 287, 2225-2229.
Lingle, C., and D.N. Covey, 1998: Elevation changes on the East Antarctic
ice sheet, 1978-93, from satellite radar altimetry: a preliminary assessment.
Annals of Glaciology, 27, 7-18.
Linsley, B.K., 1996: Oxygen-isotope record of sea level and climate variations
in the Sulu Sea over the past 150,000 years, Nature, 380, 234-237.
Liu, S. Y. and Z. C. Xie, 2000: Glacier mass balance and fluctuations.
In: Glaciers and Environment in China, Y. F. Shi (ed.), Science Press, Beijing,
101-103.
Liu, C.H., G.P. Song, M.X. Jin, 1992: Recent change and trend prediction
of glaciers in Qilian Mountains. In Memoirs of Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology
and Geocryology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 (The monitoring of glacier,
climate runoff changes and the research of cold region hydrology in Qilian Mountains),
Beijing, Science Press.
Lowe, J.A., J.M. Gregory and R.A.Flather, 2001: Changes in the occurrence
of storm surges around the United Kingdom under a future climate scenario using
a dynamic storm surge model driven by the Hadley Centre climate model. J. Climate,
in press.
Manabe, S., R.J. Stouffer, 1993: Century-scale effects of increased atmospheric
CO2 on the ocean-atmosphere system. Nature, 364, 215-8.
Manabe, S., R. Stouffer, 1994: Multiple-century response of a coupled
ocean-atmosphere model to an increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Journal
of Climate, 7, 5-23.
Maul, G.A. and Martin, D.M. 1993: Sea level rise at Key West, Florida,
1846-1992: America’s longest instrument record? Geophysical Research Letters,
20, 1955-1958.
Mayer, C., and P. Huybrechts, 1999: Ice-dynamic conditions across the
grounding zone, Ekströmisen, East Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology, 45,
384-393.
Meier, M.F., 1984: Contribution of small glaciers to global sea level.
Science, 226, 1418-21.
Meier, M.F., 1993: Ice, climate and sea level: do we know what is happening?
in: Ice in the climate system, Peltier, W.R. (ed.), NATO ASI Series I, Springer-Verlag,
Heidelberg, 141-160.
Meier, M.F., and D.B. Bahr, 1996: Counting glaciers: use of scaling methods
to estimate the number and size distribution of the glaciers of the world. In:
Glaciers, Ice Sheets and Volcanoes: A Tribute to Mark F. Meier, S.C. Colbeck
(ed.), CRREL Special Report 96-27, 89-94. U. S. Army Hanover, New Hampshire.
Miller, J.R. and G.L. Russell, 2000: Projected impact of climate change
on the freshwater and salt budgets of the Arctic Ocean by a global climate model.
Geophysical Research Letters, 27, 1183-1186.
Mitchell, W., J.Chittleborough, B.Ronai and G.W.Lennon, 2000: Sea Level
Rise in Australia and the Pacific. The South Pacific Sea Level and Climate Change
Newsletter, Quarterly Newsletter, 5, 10-19.
Mitchum, G.T., 1998: Monitoring the stability of satellite altimeters
with tide gauges. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 15,
721-730.
Mitrovica J.X. and J.L. Davis, 1995: Present-day post-glacial sea level
change far from the Late Pleistocene ice sheets: Implications for recent analyses
of tide gauge records. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2529-32.
Mitrovica, J. X. and G.A. Milne, 1998: Glaciation-induced perturbations
in the Earth’s rotation: a new appraisal. Journal Geophysical Research, 103,
985-1005.
Mitrovica, J.X. and W.R. Peltier, 1991: On postglacial geoid subsidence
over the equatorial oceans, Journal of Geophysical Research, 96, 20053-20071.
Mohr, J. C., N. Reeh, and S.N. Madsen, 1998: Three-dimensional glacial
flow and surface elevation measured with radar interferometry. Nature, 391,
273-276.
Morhange, C., J. Laborel, A. Hesnard, and A. Prone, 1996: Variation of
relative mean sea level during the last 4000 years on the northern shores of
Lacydon, the ancient harbour of Marseille (Chantier J. Verne). Journal of Coastal
Research, 12, 841–849.
Morison, J., M. Steele, and R. Andersen, 1998: Hydrography of the upper
Arctic Ocean measured from the nuclear submarine U.S.S. Pargo. Deep-Sea Research
I, 45, 15-38.
Mörner, N.A. 1973. Eustatic changes during the last 300 years. Palaeogeography,
Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 13, 1-14.
Murphy, J.M. and J.F.B. Mitchell, 1995: Transient response of the Hadley
Centre coupled ocean-atmosphere model to increasing carbon dioxide. Part II:
Spatial and temporal structure of response. J. Climate, 8, 57-80.
Nakada, M. and K. Lambeck, 1988: The melting history of the Late Pleistocene
Antarctic ice sheet, Nature, 333, 36-40.
Nakiboglu, S.M. and K. Lambeck, 1991: Secular sea level change. In: Glacial
Isostasy, Sea Level and Mantle Rheology, R. Sabadini, K. Lambeck and E. Boschi,
(eds.), Kluwer Academic Publ., 237-258.
Nakic´enovic´, N., J. Alcamo, G. Davis, B. de Vries, J. Fenhann,
S. Gaffin, K. Gregory, A. Grubler, T. Y. Jung, T. Kram, E. L. La Rovere, L.
Michaelis, S. Mori, T. Morita, W. Pepper, H. Pitcher, L. Price, K. Raihi, A.
Roehrl, H-H. Rogner, A. Sankovski, M. Schlesinger, P. Shukla, S. Smith, R. Swart,
S. van Rooijen, N. Victor, Z. Dadi: 2000: IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA,
599 pp.
National Bureau of Marine Management, 1992: Bulletin of China’s
sea level. National Bureau of Marine Management, Beijing, 26pp.
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), 1996: Gravity Recovery
and Climate Experiment. Proposal to NASA’s Earth System Science Pathfinder
Program.
Neilan, R., P.A. Van Scoy, and P.L. Woodworth, (eds)., 1998: Proceedings
of the workshop on methods for monitoring sea level: GPS and tide gauge benchmark
monitoring and GPS altimeter calibration. Workshop organised by the IGS and
PSMSL, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, 17-18 March 1997. 202pp.
Nerem, R. S. and S.M. Klosko, 1996: Secular variations of the zonal harmonics
and polar motion as geophysical constraints. In: Global gravity field and its
temporal variations, Rapp, R. H., Cazenave, A. A. and Nerem, R. S. (eds.)Springer,
New York, 152-163.
Nerem, R.S., B.J. Haines, J. Hendricks, J.F. Minster, G.T. Mitchum, and
W.B. White, 1997: Improved determination of global mean sea level variations
using TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data. Geophysical Research Letters., 24,
1331-4.
Nerem, R.S., 1999: Measuring very low frequency sea level variations
using satellite altimeter data. Global and Planetary Change, 20, 157-171.
Nerem, R.S., D.P. Chambers E.W. Leuliette, G.T. Mitchum, and B.S. Giese,
1999: Variations in global mea sea level associated with the 1997-98 ENSO event:
implications for measuring long term sea level change. Geophysical Research
Letters, 26, 3005-3008.
Nicholls, K. W., 1997: Predicted reduction in basal met rates of an Antarctic
ice shelf in a warmer climate. Nature, 388, 460-462.
NRC (National Research Council), 1997: Satellite gravity and the geosphere.
National Academy Press: Washington, D.C.
Oerlemans, J., 1981: Effect of irregular fluctuation in Antarctic precipitation
on global sea level. Nature, 290, 770-772.
Oerlemans, J., 1991: The mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet: sensitivity
to climate change as revealed by energy balance modelling. Holocene, 1,
40-49.
Oerlemans, J., 1999: Comments on “Mass balance of glaciers other than
the ice sheets”, by J. Graham Cogley and W.P. Adams. J Glaciology, 45,
397-398.
Oerlemans, J., and J.P.F. Fortuin, 1992: Sensitivity of glaciers and
small ice caps to greenhouse warming. Science, 258, 115-117.
Oerlemans, J., B. Anderson, A. Hubbard, P. Huybrechts, T. Jóhanneson,
W.H. Knap, M. Schmeits, A.P. Stroeven, R.S.W. van de Wal, J. Wallinga, and Z.
Zuo, 1998: Modelling the response of glaciers to climate warming. Climate Dynamics,
14, 267-274.
O’Farrell, S.P., J.L. McGregor, L.D. Rotstayn, W.F. Budd, C. Zweck, and
R. Warner, 1997: Impact of transient increases in atmospheric CO2
on the accumulation and mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. Annals of Glaciology,
25, 137-144.
Ohmura, A., and N. Reeh, 1991: New precipitation and accumulation maps
for Greenland. J. Glaciol., 37, 140-148.
Ohmura, A., M. Wild, and L. Bengtsson, 1996: A possible change in mass
balance of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets in the coming century. Journal
of Climate, 9, 2124-2135.
Ohmura, A., P. Calanca, M. Wild, and M. Anklin, 1999: Precipitation,
accumulation and mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Zeitschrift für
Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 35, 1-20.
Open University, 1989. Waves, tides and shallow-water processes. Open
University Oceanography Series Vol.4. Pergamon Press, Oxford, in association
with the Open University, 187pp.
Oppenheimer, M., 1998: Global warming and the stability of the West Antarctic
ice sheet. Nature, 393, 325-331.
Ota, Y., A. Omura, and T. Miyauchi, 1992: Last interglacial shoreline
map of Japan. Japanese Working Group for IGCP Project 274.
Ota, Y., L.J. Brown, K.R. Berryman, T. Fujimori, and T. Miyauchi, 1995:
Vertical tectonic movement in northeastern Marlborough: stratigraphic, radiocarbon,
and paleoecological data from Holocene estuaries, New Zealand Journal of Geological
and Geophysical, 38, 269-282.
Parrilla, G., A. Lavin, H. Bryden, M. Garcia, and R. Millard, 1994: Rising
temperatures in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean over the past 35 years.
Nature, 369, 48-51.
Payne, A.J., 1998: Dynamics of the Siple Coast ice streams, West Antarctica:
results from a thermomechanical ice sheet model. Geophysical Research Letters,
25, 3173-3176.
Peltier, W.R., 1994: Ice age paleotopography. Science, 265, 195-201.
Peltier, W.R., 1996: Global sea level rise and glacial isostatic adjustment:
an analysis of data from the east coast of North America. Geophysical Research
Letters, 23, 717-720.
Peltier, W.R., 1998: Postglacial variations in the level of the Sea:
implications for climate dynamics and solid-earth geophysics, Review of Geophysics,
36, 603-689.
Peltier, W.R., 2000: Global glacial isostatic adjustment. In Sea level
rise: history and consequences, B.C. Douglas, M.S. Kearney and S.P. Leatherman
(eds.), Academic Press, 65-95.
Peltier, W.R. and A.M. Tushingham, 1989: Global sea level rise and the
greenhouse effect: Might they be connected? Science, 244, 806-10.
Peltier, W.R. and A.M. Tushingham, 1991: Influence of glacial isostatic
adjustment on tide gauge measurements of secular sea level change. J Geophys
Res, 96, 6779-6796.
Peltier, W.R. and X. Jiang, 1996: Mantle viscosity from the simultaneous
inversion of multiple datasets pertaining to postglacial rebound. Geophys. Res.
Lett., 33, 503-506.
Peltier, W.R., and X. Jiang, 1997: Mantle viscosity, glacial isostatic
adjustment and the eustatic level of the sea. Surveys in Geophysics, 18,
239-277.
Pfeffer, W. T., M.F. Meier, and T.H. Illangasekare, 1991: Retention of
Greenland runoff by refreezing: implications for projected future sea level
change. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22117-22124.
Pirazzoli, P.A., 1991: World Atlas of Holocene sea level changes. Elsevier,
Amsterdam, 300p.
Pirazzoli, P.A., 2000: Surges, atmospheric pressure and wind change,
and flooding probability on the Atlantic coast of France. Oceanologica Acta,
23, 643-661.
Pirazzoli, P.A., S.C. Stiros, M. Arnold, J. Laborel, F. Laborel-Deguen,
and S. Papageorgiou, 1994: Episodic uplift deduced from Holocene shorelines
in the Perachora Peninsula, Corinth area, Greece, Tectonophysics, 229,
201-209.
Pittock, A.B., K. Walsh, and K. McInnes, 1996: Tropical cyclones and
coastal inundation under enhanced greenhouse conditions. Water, Air and Soil
Pollution, 92, 159-169.
Pugh, D.T. and G.A. Maul, 1999: Coastal sea level prediction for climate
change. In: Coastal Ocean Prediction. Coastal and Estuarine Studies, American
Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 56, 377-404.
Quadfasel, D., A. Sy, and D. Wells, 1991: Warming in the Arctic. Nature,
350, 385.
Qin, D., P.A. Mayewski, C.P. Wake, S.C. Kang, J.W. Ren, S.G. Hou, T.D.
Yao, Q.Z. Yang, Z.F. Jin, D.S. Mi, 2000: Evidence for recent climate change
from ice cores in the central Himalaya. Annals of Glaciology, 31, 153-158.
Raper, S.C.B., and U. Cubasch, 1996: Emulation of the results from a
coupled general circulation model using a simple climate model. Geophysical
Research Letters, 23, 1107-1110.
Raper, S.C.B., T.M.L Wigley, and R.A. Warrick, 1996: Global sea level
rise: Past and Future. In: Sea Level Rise and Coastal Subsidence, Causes, Consequences
and Strategies, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 369pp.
Raper, S.C.B., J.M. Gregory and T.J. Osborn, 2001: Use of an upwelling-diffusion
energy balance climate model to simulate and diagnose A/OGCM results. Clim.
Dyn., in press.
Raper, S.C.B., O. Brown and R.J. Braithwaite, 2000: A geometric glacier
model suitable for sea level change calculations, Journal of Glaciology., 46,
357-368.
Read, J.F., W.J. Gould, 1992: Cooling and freshening of the subpolar
North Atlantic Ocean since the 1960s. Nature, 360, 55-7.
Reeh, N., and W. Starzer, 1996: Spatial resolution of ice-sheet topography:
influence on Greenland mass-balance modelling. GGU rapport , 1996/53,
85-94.
Reeh, N., H.H. Thomsen, O.B. Olesen, and W. Starzer, 1997: Mass balance
of north Greenland. Science, 278, 207-209.
Reeh, N., C. Mayer, H. Miller, H.H. Thomson, and A. Weidick, 1999: Present
and past climate control on fjord glaciations in Greenland: implications for
IRD-deposition in the sea. Geophysical Research Letters, 26, 1039-1042.
Retzlaff, R., and C.R. Bentley, 1993: Timing of stagnation of ice stream
C, West Antarctica, from short-pulse radar studies of buried surface crevasses.
Journal of Glaciology, 39, 553-561.
Rider, K.M., G.J. Komen, and J.J. Beersma, 1996: Simulations of the response
of the ocean waves in the North Atlantic and North Sea to CO2 doubling in the
atmosphere. KNMI Scientific Report WR 96-95, De Bilt, Netherlands.
Ridgway, K.R. and J.S. Godfrey, 1996: Long-term temperature and circulation
changes off eastern Australia. Journal of Geophysical Research, 101,
3615-27.
Rignot, E.J., 1998a: Fast recession of a West Antarctic glacier. Science,
281, 549-551.
Rignot, E., 1998b: Radar interferometry detection of hinge-line migration
on Rutford Ice Stream and Carlson Inlet, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology, 27,
25-32.
Rignot, E.J., 1998c: Hinge-line migration of Petermann Gletscher, north
Greenland, detected using satellite-radar interferometry. Journal of Glaciology,
44, 469-476.
Rignot, E.J., S.P. Gogineni, W.B. Krabill, and S. Ekholm, 1997: North
and Northeast Greenland Ice Discharge from Satellite Radar Interferometry. Science,
276, 934-937.
Robasky, F. M., and D.H. Bromwich, 1994: Greenland precipitation estimates
from the atmospheric moisture budget. Geophysical Research Letters, 21,
2485-2498.
Roemmich, D. and C. Wunsch, 1984: Apparent changes in the climatic state
of the deep North Atlantic Ocean. Nature, 307, 447-450.
Roemmich, D., 1990: Sea level and the thermal variability of the oceans.
In: Sea Level Change, National Academy Press, Washington DC, 1990, 208-229.
Roemmich, D., 1992: Ocean warming and sea level rise along the southwest
U.S. coast. Science, 257, 373-5.
Rommelaere, V., and D.R. MacAyeal, 1997: Large-scale rheology of the
Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, computed by a control method. Annals of Glaciology,
24, 43-48.
Rott, H., M. Stuefer, and A. Siegel, 1998: Mass fluxes and dynamics of
Moreno Glacier, Southern Patagonian Icefield. Geoph. Res. Letters, 25,
1407-1410.
Russell, G.L., V. Gornitz and J.R. Miller, 2000: Regional sea level changes
projected by the NASA/GISS atmosphere-ocean model. Climate Dynamics, 16,
789-797.
Sahagian, D., 2000: Global physical effects of anthropogenic hydrological
alterations: sea level and water redistribution. Global and Planetary Change,
25, 39-48.
Sahagian, D.L., and S. Zerbini, 1999: Global and regional sea level changes
and the hydrological cycle. IGBP/GAIM Report Series, No. 8.
Sahagian, D.L., F.W. Schwartz, and D.K. Jacobs, 1994: Direct anthropogenic
contributions to sea level rise in the twentieth century. Nature, 367,
54-7.
SAR, see IPCC, 1996.
Scherer, R. P., A. Aldahan, S. Tulaczyk, G. Possnert, H. Engelhardt,
and B. Kamb, 1998: Pleistocene collapse of the West Antarctic ice sheet. Science,
281, 82-85.
Schlesinger, M.E. and X. Jiang, 1990: Simple model representation of
atmosphere-ocean GCMs and estimation of the timescale of CO2-induced
climate change. J Climate, 3, 1297-1315.
Schmith, T., E. Kaas, and T.-S. Li, 1998: Northeast Atlantic winter storminess
1875-1995 re-analysed. Climate Dynamics, 14, 529-536.
Schönwiese, C.-D., J. Rapp, T. Fuchs and M. Denhard, 1994: Observed
climate trends in Europe 1891-1990. Meteorol. Zeitschrift, 3, 22-28.
Schönwiese, C.-D. and J. Rapp, 1997: Climate Trend Atlas of Europe
Based on Observations 1891-1990. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 228
p.
Senior, C.A. and J.F.B. Mitchell, 2000: The time dependence of climate
sensitivity. Geophys Res. Lett., 27, 2685-2688.
Shabtaie, S., and C.R. Bentley, 1987: West Antarctic ice streams draining
into the Ross ice shelf: configuration and mass balance. J. Geophys. Res., 92,
1311-1336.
Shackleton, N.J., 1987: Oxygen isotopes, ice volume and sea level, Quaternary
Science Review, 6, 183-190.
Shaffer, G., O. Leth, O. Ulloa, J. Bendtsen, G. Daneri, V. Dellarossa,
S. Hormazabal, and P. Sehstedt, 2000: Warming and circulation change in the
eastern South Pacific Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., GRL 27(9), 1247-1250.
Shaw, J. and J. Ceman, 2000: Salt-marsh aggradation in response to late-Holocene
sea level rise at Amherst Point, Nova Scotia, Canada. The Holocene, 9,
439-451.
Shennan, I. and P.L. Woodworth, 1992: A comparison of late Holocene and
twentieth-century sea level trends from the UK and North Sea region. Geophysical
Journal International, 109, 96-105.
Shi, Y.F., 1996 (ed.): Sea level change in China. In: Climatic and sea
level changes and their trends and effects in China. Shangdong Science And Technology
Press, Jinan, pp464.
Shi, Y.F. and K.J. Zhou, 1992: Characteristics and recent variation of
surface water in China, and its effect on the environment. In: Preliminary research
on global change in China, Yie, N.Z. and B.Q. Chen, (eds.), Beijing, Seismological
Press, pp85-158.
Shi, Y. F., Z.C. Kong and S.M. Wang, L.Y. Tang, F.B. Wang, T.D. Yao,
X.T. Zhao, P.Y. Zhang, S.H. Shi 1994: Climates and environments of the Holocene
megathermal maximum in China. Science in China (series B), 37, 481-493.
Skvarca, P., H. Rott, T. Nagler, 1995: Drastic retreat of Upsala Glacier,
Southern Patagonia, revealed by ESR-1/SAR images and field survey. Revista Selper,
11, 51-55.
Skvarca, P., W. Rack, H. Rott, T. Ibarzabal y Donangelo, 1998: Evidence
of recent climatic warming on the eastern Antarctic Peninsula. Annals of Glaciology,
27, 628-632.
Smith, I. N., W.F. Budd, and P. Reid, 1998: Model estimates of Antarctic
accumulation rates and their relationship to temperature changes. Annals of
Glaciology, 27, 246-250.
Smith, I., 1999: Estimating mass balance components of the Greenland
Ice Sheet from a long-term GCM simulation. Global and Planetary Change, 20,
19-32.
Smith, D., S. Raper, S. Zerbini, A. Sanchez-Arcilla, and R. Nicholls,
(eds.) 2000: Sea Level Change and Coastal Processes: Implications for Europe,
Office for official Publications of the European Union Community, Luxembourg,
247p.
Spencer, N.E. and P.L. Woodworth, 1993: Data holdings of the Permanent
Service for Mean Sea Level (November 1993). Bidston, Birkenhead: Permanent Service
for Mean Sea Level. 81pp.
Stanley, D.J., 1997: Mediterranean deltas: Subsidence as a major control
of relative sea level rise, Monaco, Bulletin de l’Institut océanographique,
Special no. 18, 35-62.
Steele, M. and T. Boyd, 1998: Retreat of the cold halocline layer in
the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 10,419-10,435.
Steig, E. J., 1997: How well can we parameterize past accumulation rates
in polar ice sheets? Annals of Glaciology, 25, 418-422.
Steinberger, B. and R.J. O’Connell, 1997: Changes of the Earth’s rotation
axis owing to advection of mantle density heterogeneities. Nature, 387,
169-173.
Stephenson, S. N., and R.A. Bindschadler, 1988: Observed velocity fluctuations
on a major Antarctic ice stream. Nature, 334, 695-697.
Stirling, C.H., T.M. Esat, K. Lambeck and M.T. McCulloch, 1998: Timing
and duration of the Last Interglacial: evidence for a restricted interval of
widespread coral reef growth, Earth Planetary Science Letters, 160, 745-762.
Stiros, S.C., Marangou, L. and Arnold, M., 1994: Quaternary uplift and
tilting of Amorgos Island (southern Aegean) and the 1956 earthquake, Earth Planetary
Science Letters, 128, 65-76.
Stouffer, R.J. and S. Manabe, 1999: Response of a coupled ocean-atmosphere
model to increasing carbon dioxide: sensitivity to the rate of increase. J.
Climate, 12, 2224-2237.
Stone, J.O., D. Zwartz, M.C.G. Mabin, K. Lambeck, D. Fabel, and L.K.
Fifield, 1998: Exposure dating constraints on ice volume and retreat history
in East Antarctica, and prospects in West Antarctica. R. Bindschadler and H.
Borns (eds.), Chapman Conference on West Antarctic Ice Sheet. 13-18 September
1998, American Geophysical Union, Orano, Maine, USA.
Sturges, W., B.D. Hong, 1995: Wind forcing of the Atlantic thermocline
along 32N at low frequencies. Journal of Physical Oceanographer, 25(July),
1706-15.
Sturges, W., B.G. Hong, and A.J. Clarke, 1998: Decadal wind forcing of
the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. Journal of Physical Oceanographer, 28(April),
659-68.
Swift, J.H., E.P. Jones, K. Aagaard, E.C. Carmack, M. Hingston, R.W.
MacDonald, F.A. McLaughlin, and R.G. Perkin, 1997: Waters of the Makarov and
Canada Basins. Deep-Sea Research II, 44, 1503-29.
Thomas, R. H., 1973: The creep of ice shelves: theory. J. Glaciol., 12,
45-53.
Thomas, R. H., T.J.O. Sanderson, and K.E. Rose, 1979: Effect of climatic
warming on the West Antarctic ice sheet. Nature, 277, 355-358.
Thomas, R. H., B.M. Csatho, S. Gogineni, K.C. Jezek, K. Kuivinen, 1998:
Thickening of the western part of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Journal of Glaciology,
44, 653-658.
Thomas, R., T. Akins, B. Csatho, M Fahnestock, P. Gogineni, C. Kim, and
J. Sonntag, 2000: Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet at high elevations,
Science, 289, 426-428.
Thompson, S.L., and D. Pollard, 1997: Greenland and Antarctic mass balances
for present and doubled atmospheric CO2 from the GENESIS version-2
global climate model. Journal of Climate, 10, 871-900.
Thomson, R.E. and S. Tabata, 1989: Steric sea level trends in the northeast
Pacific Ocean: Possible evidence of global sea level rise. Journal of Climate,
2, 542-53.
Titus, J.G., and V. Narayanan, 1996: The risk of sea level rise, Climatic
Change, 33, 151-212.
Treshnikov, A.F., 1977: Water masses of the Arctic Basin, in Polar Oceans,
pp.17-31, edited by M. Dunbar.
Tromp, J. and J.X. Mitrovica, 1999: Surface loading of a viscoelastic
earth - I. General theory. Geophysical Journal International, 137, 847-855
Trupin, A. and J. Wahr, 1990: Spectroscopic analysis of global tide gauge
sea level data. Geophysical Journal International, 100, 441-53.
Trupin, A.S., M.F. Meier and J.M. Wahr, 1992: Effects of melting glaciers
on the Earth’s rotation and gravitational field: 1965-1984. Geophys. J. Intern.,
108, 1-15.
Tsimplis, M.N. and Baker, T.F. 2000. Sea level drop in the Mediterranean
Sea: an indicator of deep water salinity and temperature changes? Geophysical
Research Letters, 27, 1731-1734.
Turner, J., W.M. Connolley, S. Leonard, G.J. Marshall, and D.G. Vaughan,
1999: Spatial and temporal variability of net snow accumulation over the Antarctic
from ECMWF re-analysis project data. International Journal of Climatology, 19,
697-724.
Tushingham, A.M. and W.R. Peltier, 1991: Ice-3G: a new global model of
Late Pleistocene deglaciation based upon geophysical predictions of post-glacial
relative sea level change. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96, 4497-4523.
Tushingham, A.M. and W.R. Peltier, 1992: Validation of the ICE-3G model
of Würm-Wisconsin deglaciation using a global data base of relative sea
level histories. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97, 3285-3304.
Tvede, A.M. and T. Laumann, 1997: Glacial variations on a meso-scale
example from glaciers in the Aurland Mountains, southern Norway. Annals of Glaciology,
24, 130-134.
Van de Plassche, O., K. Van der Borg and A.F.M. De Jong, 1998: Sea level-climate
correlation during the past 1400 yr. Geology, 26, 319-322.
Van de Wal, R. S. W., 1996: Mass balance modelling of the Greenland Ice
Sheet: a comparison of an energy balance and a degree-day model. Annals of Glaciology,
23, 36-45.
Van de Wal, R.S.W. and J. Oerlemans, 1994: An energy balance model for
the Greenland ice sheet. Glob. Planetary Change, 9, 115-131.
Van de Wal, R. S. W. and J. Oerlemans, 1997: Modelling the short term
response of the Greenland Ice Sheet to global warming. Climate Dynamics, 13,
733-744.
Van de Wal, R. S. W. and S. Ekholm, 1996: On elevation models as input
for mass balance calculations of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Annals of Glaciology,
23, 181-186.
Van de Wal, R.S.W. and M. Wild, 2001: Modelling the response of glaciers
to climate change, applying volume area scaling in combination with a high-resolution
GCM. IMAU Report R-01-06, Utrecht University, Netherlands. Also Climate Dynamics
in press.
Van der Veen, C. J., 1985: Response of a marine ice sheet to changes
at the grounding line. Quat. Res., 24, 257-267.
Van der Veen, C. J. and J.F. Bolzan, 1999: Interannual variability in
net accumulation on the Greenland Ice Sheet: observations and implications for
mass balance measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, 2009-2014.
Van der Vink, G. et al., 1998: Why the United States is becoming more
vulnerable to natural disasters. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical
Union, 79, 533-537.
Van Tatenhove, F.G.M., J.J.M. van der Meer and P. Huybrechts, 1995: Glacial-geological/geomorphological
research in West Greenland used to test an ice-sheet model. Quaternary Research,
44, 317-327.
Varekamp, J.C. and E. Thomas, 1998: Climate change and the rise and fall
of sea level over the millennium. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical
Union, 79, 69 and 74-75.
Varekamp, J.C., E. Thomas, and O. Van de Plassche, 1992: Relative sea
level rise and climate change over the last 1500 years. Terra Nova, 4, pp. 293-304.
(R12689 POL library).
Vaughan, D. G., and C.S.M. Doake, 1996: Recent atmospheric warming and
retreat of ice shelves on the Antarctic Peninsula. Nature, 379, 328-331.
Vaughan, D. G., J.L. Bamber, M. Giovinetto, J. Russell, and A.P.R. Cooper,
1999: Reassessment of net surface mass balance in Antarctica. Journal of Climate,
12, 933-946.
Vaughan, D.G. and J.R. Spouge, 2001: Risk estimation of collapse of the
West Antarctic ice sheet, Climatic Change, in press.
Von Storch, H. and H. Reichardt, 1997: A scenario of storm surge statistics
for the German Bight at the expected time of doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide
concentration. Journal of Climate, 10, 2653-2662.
Vörösmarty, C.J. and D. Sahagian, 2000: Anthropogenic disturbance
of the terrestrial water cycle. Bioscience, 50, 753-765.
Voss, R. and U. Mikolajewicz, 2001: Long-term climate changes due to
increased CO2 concentration in the coupled atmosphere-ocean general
circulation model ECHAM3/LSG. Clim. Dyn., 17, 45-60.
Wahr, J., H. Dazhong, A. Trupin and V. Lindqvist, 1993: Secular changes
in rotation and gravity: evidence of post-glacial rebound or of changes in polar
ice? Advanced Space Research, 13, 257-269.
Wang, S.H., J.M. Yang, X.L. Sun, C.S. Ceng, M.T. Yu, X.Z. Wu, 1990: Sea
level changes since deglaciation in the downstream area of Min Jiang and surroundings.
Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 12, 64-74.
Warner, R. C., and W.F. Budd, 1998: Modelling the long-term response
of the Antarctic ice sheet to global warming. Annals of Glaciology, 27,
161-168.
Warrick, R.A., J. Oerlemans, 1990: Sea Level Rise. In: Climate Change,
The IPCC Scientific Assessment. J.T. Houghton, G.J. Jenkins, J.J. Ephraums (eds.),
pp 260-281.
Warrick, R.A., C. Le Provost, M.F. Meier, J. Oerlemans, P.L. Woodworth,
1996: Changes in Sea Level. In: Climate Change 1995, The Science of Climate
Change, J.T. Houghton, L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Klattenberg,
K. Maskell (eds.). Cambridge University Press, 359-405.
WASA Group, 1998: Changing waves and storms in the northeast Atlantic.
Bulletin American Meteorogical Society, 79, 741-760.
Weaver, A.J. and E.C. Wiebe, 1999: On the sensitivity of projected oceanic
thermal expansion to the parameterisation of sub-grid scale ocean mixing. Geophysical
Research Letters, 26, 3461-3464.
Weertman, J., 1974: Stability of the junction of an ice sheet and an
ice shelf. Journal of Glaciology, 13, 3-11.
Weidick, A., 1984: Review of glacier changes in West Greenland. Zeitschrift
für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 21, 301-309.
Weidick, A. and E. Morris, 1996: Local glaciers surrounding continental
ice sheets. In Haeberli, W., M. Hoezle and S. Suter (eds.), Into the second
century of world glacier monitoring?prospects and strategies. A contribution
to the IHP and the GEMS. Prepared by the World Glacier Monitoring Service.
Whillans, I. M., and R.A. Bindschadler, 1988: Mass balance of ice stream
B, West Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol., 11, 187-193.
Whillans, I. M., and C.J. van der Veen, 1997: The role of lateral drag
in the dynamics of Ice Stream B, Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology, 43,
231-237.
Wigley, T.M.L and S.C.B. Raper, 1987: Thermal expansion of sea water
associated with global warming. Nature, 330, 127-31.
Wigley, T.M.L and S.C.B. Raper, 1992: Implications for climate and sea
level of revised IPCC emissions scenarios. Nature, 357 (May 28), 293-300.
Wigley, T.M.L. and S.C.B. Raper, 1993: Future changes in global mean
temperature and sea level, in Warrick, R.A., E.M. Barrow and T.M.L.Wigley (eds),
Climate and sea level change: observations, projections and implications, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, UK, 424pp.
Wigley, T.M.L and S.C.B. Raper, 1995: An heuristic model for sea level
rise due to the melting of small glaciers. Geophysical Research Letters, 22,
2749-2752.
Wild, M., and A. Ohmura, 2000: Changes in Mass balance of the polar ice
sheets and sea level under greenhouse warming as projected in high resolution
GCM Simulations. Ann.Glaciol., 30, 197-203.
Williams, M. J. M., R.C. Warner, and W.F. Budd, 1998: The effects of
ocean warming on melting and ocean circulation under the Amery ice shelf, East
Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology, 27, 75-80.
Wingham, D., A.J. Ridout, R. Scharroo, R.J. Arthern, and C.K. Shum, 1998:
Antarctic elevation change from 1992 to 1996. Science, 282, 456-458.
Wong, A.P.S., 1999: Water mass changes in the North and South Pacific
Oceans between the 1960s and 1985-94, PhD Thesis, University of Tasmania, 249pp.
Wong, A.P.S., N.L. Bindoff, and J.A. Church, 1999: Coherent large-scale
freshening of intermediate waters in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Nature,
400, 440-443.
Wong, A.P.S., N.L. Bindoff, and J.A. Church, 2001: Freshwater and heat
changes in the North and South Pacific Oceans between the 1960s and 1985-94.
J. Climate, 14(7), 1613-1633.
Woodroffe, C. and R. McLean, 1990: Microatolls and recent sea level change
on coral atolls. Nature, 334, 531-534.
Woodworth, P.L., 1987: Trends in U.K. mean sea level. Marine Geodesy,
11, 57-87.
Woodworth, P.L. 1990: A search for accelerations in records of European
mean sea level. International Journal of Climatology, 10, 129-143.
Woodworth, P.L., 1999a: High waters at Liverpool since 1768: the UK’s
longest sea level record. Geophysical Research Letters, 26, 1589-1592.
Woodworth, P.L. 1999b: A study of changes in high water levels and tides
at Liverpool during the last two hundred and thirty years with some historical
background. Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Report No.56, 62 pp.
Woodworth, P.L., M.N. Tsimplis, R.A. Flather and I. Shennan, 1999: A
review of the trends observed in British Isles mean sea level data measured
by tide gauges. Geophysical Journal International, 136, 651-670.
Wu, P. and Peltier W. R., 1984: Pleistocene deglaciation and the Earth’s
rotation: A new analysis. Geophys. J., 76, 202-242.
Yasuda, T. and K. Hanawa, 1997: Decadal changes in the mode waters in
the midlatitude North Pacific. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27,
858-70.
Yokoyama, Y., K. Lambeck, P. de Dekker, P. Johnston, and K. Fifield,
2000: Timing of the last glacial maximum from observed sea level minima. Nature,
406, 713-716.
Zhang, R.-H. and S. Levitus, 1997: Structure and cycle of decadal variability
of upper-ocean temperature in the North Pacific. Journal of Climate, 10,
710-27.
Zhang, K., B.C. Douglas, and S.P. Leatherman, 1997: East coast storm
surges provide unique climate record. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical
Union, 78(37), 389-397.
Zhang, K., B.C. Douglas and S.P. Leatherman, 2000: Twentieth-century
storm activity along the U.S. east coast. J Climate, 13, 1748-1761.
Zhang, T., R.G. Barry, K. Knowles, J.A. Heginbottom, and J. Brown, 1999.
Statistics and characteristics of permafrost and ground ice distribution in
the Northern Hemisphere. Polar Geography, 23, 147-169.
Zhen, W.Z. and R.H. Wu, 1993: Sea level changes of the World and China.
Marine Science Bulletin, 12, 95-99.
Zuo, Z., and J. Oerlemans, 1997: Contribution of glacier melt to sea
level rise since AD 1865: a regionally differentiated calculation. Climate Dynamics,
13, 835-845.
Zwally, H.J., and M.B. Giovinetto, 2000: Spatial distribution of surface
mass balance on Greenland, Annals of Glaciology, 31, 126-132.
Zwartz, D., K. Lambeck, M. Bird, and J. Stone, 1997: Constraints on the
former Antarctic Ice Sheet from sea level observations and geodynamics modelling.
In: The Antarctic Region: Geological Evolution and Processes, C. Ricci (ed.),
Terra Antarctica Publications, Siena, 861-868.
|
Other reports in this collection |
|